In 1976, 53 traps were placed in black locust 

 trees in a plantation near Delaware, Ohio, to cap- 

 ture locust borers. Thirty-three traps had funnel- 

 ing collars, 20 were without. In 1977, 50 traps 

 without funneling collars were placed on red, 

 black, white, and scarlet oaks in southern Ohio to 

 capture red oak borers. 



RESULTS 



In 1976, 1,148 female and 947 male locust 

 borers were caught. Traps with funneling collars 

 caught many more female than male borers while 

 traps without collars caught more male. Evidence 

 from visual observations showed that males ran 

 rapidly up and down trees, especially when they 

 detected female pheromone (Galford 1977). Thus 

 they readily ran into the sticky band, and 

 eventually fell into the tray. However, if they ran 

 into the funneling collar, they often turned and 

 ran back up the tree. Females, however, moved 

 slowly, feeling the surface of the tree with their 

 ovipositors, seeking oviposition sites; those on 

 trees without collars would often contact the 

 sticky band and back away without being caught. 

 When they ran into a collar, however, many 

 worked their way around it and down between tne 

 tabs. Then, when one contacted the sticky band 

 and backed away, it usually was unable to find the 

 opening between the tabs and eventually was 

 caught. None of the beetles was observed to fly 

 away. 



The importance of tree location and 

 temperature to number of beetles caught was 

 shown by the fact that more beetles were caught in 

 traps in trees receiving late afternoon sunlight 

 than those in the shade, except when the 

 temperature exceeded 26 °C. Then as many or 

 more beetles were caught in traps that were in the 

 shade. 



Tree diameter and roughness of bark did not in- 

 fluence the number of beetles caught. In a trap on 

 the largest tree — 17 cm dbh with very rough 

 bark — 121 beetles were caught, while in one on the 

 smallest tree — 8 cm dbh and with smooth 

 bark — 97 were caught. 



Proximity of locust trees to goldenrod (Solidago 

 spp.), which adult beetles frequent, became a fac- 

 tor in the number of beetles caught. Late in the in- 

 sects' flight period, when they apparently were 

 moving from the flowers to the trees, more beetles 

 were caught in traps in trees near goldenrod. 



Hourly checks of the traps on certain days in- 

 dicated that about 2 to 3 percent of the beetles 

 caught in the sticky band managed to escape by 

 falling between the finger openings, or by locating 

 the opening between the funneling tabs. 



The average trap was effective for about 3 

 weeks. The Tack Trap could be partially 

 rejuvenated by scuffing it when it developed a 

 dull, hazy gloss. 



In 1977, 19 red oak borers were caught in 50 

 traps in southern Ohio. While this was a low 

 catch, examinations of the trees indicated that 

 there were few beetles per acre. Twenty-three of 

 the traps were in areas of very low beetle popula- 

 tions and yielded only two beetles. Seventeen of 

 the beetles were caught in the 27 traps in areas of 

 moderate to high beetle population. 



Eighteen of the 19 beetles caught were females, 

 which indicates a selective catch for females be- 

 cause the sex ratio of red oak borers is 1 : 1 accord- 

 ing to laboratory and field data. Male beetles may 

 not have ventured as far down the tree as the 

 height of the traps, or they may have detected the 

 sticky band with their long antennae and backed 

 away before they were caught. Females, however, 

 feel the bark surface more with their ovipositors 

 and less with their antennae and thus are more 

 likely to be caught. However, since it was felt that 

 collars might reduce the catch of beetles and so 

 were not used, some beetles may have escaped. A 

 very large opening between the funneling tabs 

 would have been necessary to accommodate the 

 long antennae of the beetles and on trees 10 to 20 

 cm dbh, this would have cancelled the effective- 

 ness of collars. 



In addition to the locust borers and red oak 

 borers, many other species of cerambycids 

 frequenting oak were caught, some in greater 

 numbers than the red oak borers. The species 

 were: oak sapling borer, Goes tesselatus (Hald.); 

 living-beech borer, Goes pulverulentus (Hald.); 

 red- headed ash borer, Neoclytus acuminatus (F.); 

 oak-stem borer, Aneflormorpha subpubescens 

 (Lee); tile-horned prionus, Prionus imbricornis 

 (L.); rustic borer, Xylotrechus colonus (F.); 

 brown prionid, Orthosoma brunneum (Forst.); 

 Sarosesthes fulminans (F.); Elaphidionoides in- 

 certus (Newman); ivory-marked beetle, Eburia 

 quadrigeminata (Say); Graphisurus fascia tus 

 (DeG.); and Leptura emarginata (F.). 



Wildlife — such as birds, mice, and flying 

 squirrels — did not cause problems in 1976 in the 



