(A) Carex pensylvanica 



After trampling 



100-1 



c 

 o 

 o 



o 



Q. 



80- 

 60- 

 40- 

 20- 



After 1 year 



(B) Potentilla simplex 



After trampling After 1 year 



1 



I 



(0 



E 



(/) 100- 



o 



« 80- 



o 



U. 60- 



40- 

 20 - 



(C) Amphicarpa bracteata 



After trampling After 1 year 



(D) Dryopteris campyloptera 



After trampling 



25 75 200 500 25 75 200 500 25 75 200 500 



Number of Passes 



Figure 32 — Floristic similarity, comparing composition before and after distur- 

 bance, in four vegetation types in Nortti Carolina's Great Smoky Mountains. 

 Vertical bars represent 1 standard error above the mean. 



After 1 year 



25 75 200 500 



Table 24 — Summary indicators of resistance and tolerance for four vegetation types in North Carolina's Great Smoky 

 Mountains 



Vegetation type 



. Carex Potentilla Amphicarpa Dryopteris 



Resistance indicators^ 



Relative cover (percent) 



44 



22 



18 



10 



Relative height (percent) 



10 



9 



8 



4 



Species richness (number of passes) 



75 



200 



75 



200 



Species composition (number of passes) 



200 



75 



25 



25 



Evident path (number of passes) 



200 



75 



75 



25 



olerance indicators^ 











Relative cover (percent) 



63 



77 



58 



77 



Relative height (percent) 



81 



87 



65 



72 



Species richness (number of passes) 



>500 



>500 



500 



>500 



Species composition (number of passes) 



>500 



>500 



500 



500 



Evident path (number of passes) 



500 



>500 



500 



500 



^Resistance indicators refer to immediate responses to trampling. They include mean relative cover and relative height, after tram- 



pling, for to 500 passes, as well as the minimum number of passes that causes a significant reduction in species richness or floristic 

 similarity, or that results in an evident path. The relative cover and relative height values are the durability indices described in the data 

 analysis section. 

 ^ Tolerance indicators refer to conditions 1 year after trampling. 



43 



