(A) Carex bigelowii 



After trampling 



100— ij. 



80- 



60 — 



40 — 



C 



o 



O 20 — 



o 



Q. 



(0 



After 1 year 



1 



X 



I 



(B) Leersia oryzoides 

 After trampling 



X 



After 1 year 



(C) Lycopodium lucidulum 



o 



« 100—1 

 'ZI 



o 

 u. 



80-1 

 60" 



40 ■ 



After trampling 



20 - 



25 75 200 500 



After 1 year 



(D) Maianthemum canadensis 



After trampling After 1 year 



25 75 200 500 25 75 200 500 



Number of Passes 



Figure 23 — Floristic similarity, comparing composition before and after disturbance, in four 

 vegetation types in New Hampshire's Wliite Mountains. Vertical bars represent 1 standard 

 error above the mean. 



25 75 200 500 



the original levels on any of the lanes in any of the 

 types. The means were somev^hat lower on heavily 

 trampled lanes in Carex and Leersia, but standard 

 errors were large. 



Species composition changed rapidly in all four of 

 these vegetation types (fig. 23). Significant changes 

 occurred after 25 passes in Carex, Leersia, and Maian- 

 themum and after 75 passes in Lycopodium. Floristic 

 similarity values, immediately after trampling, were 

 below 40 percent for the 500-pass lanes in all types 



but Carex. In Leersia and Maianthemum, composition 

 1 year after trampling was similar to that before tram- 

 pling on all lanes. In Lycopodium, only the 500-pass 

 lanes were significantly different 1 year after tram- 

 pling. However, in Carex, all of the trampled lanes 

 remained significantly different from their original 

 composition. In fact, composition became more dis- 

 similar over the year of recovery. This was the result 

 of pronounced recovery of Carex bigelowii, while few 

 of the subordinate species recovered as quickly. 



32 



