Angiosperms 



Phenological event 

 First appearance 



Leaf buds burst 



Leaves full grown 



Original definitions provided 

 the observers in this studv 



Flowers start 



Flowers end 



Fruits ripe 



Seed fall starts 



Leaves start to 

 color and to wither 



Leaves begin to fall 



Leaves fallen withered 



First frost injury 



The date the herbaceous plant first breaks through the 

 ground, or, in the case of perennials, when the new shoots 

 from the root collar begin to make visible growth. 



The date when leaves have broken through the bud scales 

 and show green but have not yet straightened out. Avoid 

 confusion with flower buds. 



The date when the average leaves of the plant observed 

 reach mature size. This requires the observer to know the 

 size of the fully grown leaf. Occasional measurements 

 recorded in the notebook would not be amiss, or comparison 

 with last year's fallen leaves. 



The date when the first flowers open and expose their 

 stamens and pistils, or, in the case of those which barely 

 open, the time when the anthers shed their pollen. 



This date marks the end of the flowering period, that is, 

 the time when the majority of the flov^^ers have faded or 

 fallen . 



A useful index of the maturity of the seeds of plants in 

 which there is a distinct difference between the green and 

 the mature stage of the fruits. 



The date when the seeds begin to fall in considerable 

 quantity naturally from the plant. 



The time when general coloring of the foliage commences; 

 care needs to be exercised to discriminate between injured 

 or abnormal leaves and the normal autumnal coloring. The 

 time when leaves begin to dry or turn brown or curl up 

 as a sign of the cessation of life. 



The date when a considerable fall of leaves is noted, care 

 being taken not to confuse autumn leaf fall with leaf fall 

 due to shedding of leaves on inside of crown or due to 

 injury. 



The time when autumnal leaf fall has reached the point when 

 the trees and shrubs are pratically bare of leaves. 



The time when herbaceous plants are first colored or 

 withered by frosts. 



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i? U. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE: 1980-677-121/046 REGION NO. 8 



