Because neither the hot water nor the chemical treatments proved effective, subse- 

 quent efforts on section Tvidentatae of Artemisia were in the form of mass pollination 

 in white bakery bags or white, woven Terylene fabric bags (fig. 2). (Other types of 

 pollination bags trapped excessive heat and humidity that caused excessive damage or 

 death of enclosed plant tissue.) Four treatments were made: (1) a control where the 

 bags were placed over some inflorescences and not opened again until the pollination 

 season was over; (2) an intrapopulation treatment where an inflorescence containing 

 pollen was inserted into the bag from another plant from the same accession; (3) an 

 interpopulation treatment where pollen from another taxon was inserted into the bag-- 

 two of these were made on each plant; and (4) an open pollination where no bag was 

 placed on the inflorescence but it was marked with a string so an equivalent seed 

 source could be collected. 



After pollen was inserted, all bags were shaken to facilitate pollination. This 

 practice was continued every 2 or 3 days for about 10 days. About 3 or 4 weeks after 

 pollinations, the bags were opened. The plants were monitored until seeds were ripe 

 and about to shatter, at which time the seeds were collected. Seeds were cleaned in a 

 forced-air seed separator. They were then counted in petri dishes with centimeter 

 squares marked on the bottom. Exact counts were made when no more than 100 seeds were 

 produced. Higher numbers (up to 5,000) were estimated by randomly distributing the 

 seed in the petri dishes, counting a known area of the dish, and extrapolating. To 

 test differences in pollination treatments, an analysis of variance followed by a 

 multiple-range test was employed (Woolf 1968) . 



CHARACTERISTICS OF THE GENUS 4ft7E/W/SM (SAGEBRUSH) 



Artemisia is a large genus of approximately 200 species that occurs primarily in 

 dry areas in the temperate regions of North America, North Africa, and Eurasia. 

 Artemisia is most common in arid, steppe areas. Its extension south of the temperate 

 zone usually is confined to mountainous habitats. Many of the species, especially in 

 the western United States, are called sage or sagebrush. Old World names such as 

 wormwood or mugwort have also been applied in the United States (Grieve 1931; Sampson 

 and Jesperson 1963; Bailey Hortorium Staff 1976). 



Figure 2. — Hybridization 

 ezTperiments with big 

 sagebrush at the Snow 

 Field Station. The 

 pollination bags are 

 of woven Terylene 

 fabric with observa- 

 tion windows of 

 clear plastic. 



3 



