735 



of Myrionema, etc. Simmons reports that he has found Eclocarpus 

 vehitinus, the parasite pecuHar to Himanllutlia. 



The association seems to correspond with Hansteen's and 

 Boye's description of tlieir »/7//2ja/?//ja//a- formation « on the west 

 coast of Norway. They botli refer it to the httoral region. Han- 

 steen characterizes it as follo>vs (38, p. 350): »Tliis formation forms 

 a sort of transition between tlie purely Httorat and tlie purely sub- 

 littoral formations, as it is most often found both above, and espe- 

 cially below, the low tide mark.« This, however, seems to imply 

 that it grows at a somewhat lower level on the west coast of Nor- 

 way than on the Faeroes. 



Boye's remark (6, p. 24) that llie formation » seems to avoid 

 localities that are directly exposed to the surf«, does not agree 

 with what I have observed, as I have found it in places as exposed 

 as e.g. Store Dimon, Lille Dimon, Viderejde, Sumbo Holm, the 

 western and northern coasts of Stromo, etc. At Christianssund in 

 Norway I saw tlie Himanthalia-sissocmiion growing on a very ex- 

 posed coast and agreeing in all particulars witli tliat from tlie Faeroes. 

 As pointed out by Hansteen, Kj ell man has already (45, p. 34) 

 mentioned the Himanthalia-Sissocvdi'ion on the west coast of Norway. 

 With regard to the Faeroes this association has been briefly des- 

 cribed by Simmons (I.e. p. 254). 



THE ALG^ -VEGETATION OF THE POOLS AND CAVES. 



Tlie algae-vegetation of the littoral pools, and that of tlie caves, 

 which are so abundant along the exposed coasts of the Faeroes, 

 must be described separately. In both places the algae grow under 

 very difTerent conditions from those enjoyed by the other algae- 

 vegetation found at the same level. 



The Algce -Vegetation of tlie littoral Pools. 



These pools must first be divided into tw^o groups. 1) The 

 pools found at a height to w^hicli the sea cannot reach at high 

 tide, and which therefore cannot have their water renewed con- 

 stantly. 2) The pools within the limits of high and low tide, 

 and which are therefore connected wdth the sea at high tide for 

 a shorter or longer time. Consequentl}^ these two groups of w^ater- 

 pools offer very different biological conditions to the algae. In the 

 low -lying littoral pools, the water will be continually renewed, 



