696 



villei, Chordaria flagelliformis , Ceramiiim riibriim and Acrosiphonia 

 spec, were also found. 



From Sund a little farther up, the fjord inclines slightly towards 

 the north, with the result that the algal vegetation remains si- 

 milar to that of somewhat exposed coasts; at 7, \Yhere the coast 

 is fringed by steep rocks, were found: Alaria esciilenta, Laminaria 

 digitata, Rhodymenia palmata, Fiicus inflatiis (large), Ceramiiim rii- 

 brum, Porphyra together with Bangia and Urospora penicilliformis, 

 and still farther, at 8, Laminaria digitata, Alaria esculenta, Coral- 

 Una officinalis, Gigartina, Cladophora riipestris, Fiicus inflaliis (large), 

 Fiicus spiralis (large), Porphyra iimbilicalis , Enteromorpha, and so 

 on, that is, a vegetation typical on the w^iole of somewhat exposed 

 coasts, but large and vigorous specimens of Fiicus spiralis and 

 Fucus inflatiis, up to 2 feet long, now^ occur. That the waves may 

 wash heavily at times even so far up the fjord as this, is clear 

 from the fact that there was some surf even on the day of my 

 visit, in spite of the great calmness of the sea. 



The fjord now bends again more towards the west, and the 

 vegetation is henceforward typically that of sheltered coasts. At 9, 

 the beach slopes gently and is covered with stones of different 

 sizes on which are found sublittorally Laminaria saccharina and 

 Chorda filiim, (Alaria is now^ no longer found), Himanthalia lorea 

 and Fucus inflatus (on open shores, the two last are always littoral), 

 the lastmentioned still continuing far enough upwards to become 

 littoral, and to form large clumps on the stones; then come Fucus 

 spiralis and some few Porphyra iimbilicalis. A little farther, at 10, 

 in water one foot deep, were found: Chorda filum, Laminaria sac- 

 charina, Ceramium rub rum, Monostroma fiisciim, Enteromorpha Linza, 

 Ectocarpus litoralis (in large, thick masses), Dictyosiphon foeniciilaceus, 

 Stictyosiphon tortilis, Scytosiplion lomentariiis; in shallower w'ater: 

 large clumps of Fucus inflatus; and at the surface: Fucus vesiciilosiis 

 and Fucus spiralis, the latter parti}' dried. Still farther, at 11, were 

 noted: Laminaria saccharina, Ceramium riibrum, Acrosiphonia, En- 

 teromorpha Linza, Monostroma fuscum, Dumontia filiformis, Fucus 

 inflatus, all sublittoral ; and at the water's edge and a little above : 

 Ascophyllum nodosum, Fucus vesiciilosiis and Fucus spiralis. 



At the head of the fjord, Enteromorpha clathrata, E. intestinalis, 

 Ectocarpus litoralis, Ceramium rubrum and Fucus inflatus were found 

 at low Waaler; farther also, Fucus vesiculosus and Fucus spiralis lit- 

 torally, and highest of all Pelvetia canaliciilata. Much fresh water 



