presented in this paper are ecologically based and should give reliable esti- 

 mates of future stocking under various management strategies. 



Although we classified stands by regeneration method — clearcut, seedtree, 

 shelterwood, and selection — many stands did not fit the classical definition, 

 and there was usually substantial variation within stands. Thus, regenera- 

 tion method was not used as an independent variable. Sampling for the re- 

 generation model was done plot by plot because of the heterogeneous nature 

 of stands. Because the regeneration model predicts regeneration on a plot- 

 by-plot basis, it is flexible for changes in forest management practices. The 

 regeneration model should be applicable to a wide variety of sUvicultural pre- 

 scriptions, from stands that are treated homogeneously to stands that are 

 treated to create heterogeneous stand conditions. 



It may be necessary and desirable to update the regeneration model in 

 the future. Updates would incorporate changes in regeneration technology, 

 account for long-term changes in climate, and represent shifts in species 

 composition (such as increasing proportion of western white pine resistant 

 to white pine blister rust [Cronartium ribicola]). The ability to update the 

 regeneration model will depend on historical records being kept today. 



REFERENCES 



Bailey, R. L.; Dell, T. R. 1973. Quantifying diameter distributions with the 

 Weibull function. Forest Science. 19: 97-104. 



Burns, R. M.; Honkala, B. H. 1990. Silvics of North America. Vol. 1. Conifers. 

 Agric. Handb. 654. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Agriculture, For- 

 est Service. 675 p. 



Carlson, C. E.; Ferguson, D. E. [In preparation]. Conifer regeneration and 

 early stand development after timber harvest in the Northern Rocky Moun- 

 tains. Missoula, MT: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Inter- 

 mountain Research Station, Forestry Sciences Laboratory. 



Carlson, C. E. 1988. Relations among stand structure, dispersal of second- 

 instar western spruce budworm, defoliation, and height growth of young 

 conifers. Canadian Journal of Forest Research. 18: 794-800. 



Carlson, C. E.; McCaughey, W. W. 1982. Indexing western spruce budworm 

 activity through radial increment analysis. Res. Pap. INT-291. Ogden, UT: 

 U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Research 

 Station. 10 p. 



Cooper, S. V.; Neiman, K E.; Roberts, D. W. Rev. 1991. Forest habitat types 

 of northern Idaho: a second approximation. Gen. Tech. Rep. INT-236. 

 Ogden, UT: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermoun- 

 tain Research Station. 143 p. 



Daubenmire, R. 1952. Forest vegetation of northern Idaho and adjacent 

 Washington, and its bearing on concepts of vegetation classification. 

 Ecological Monographs. 22: 301-330. 



Daubenmire, R.; Daubenmire, J. B. 1968. Forest vegetation of eastern 

 Washington and northern Idaho. Tech. Bull. 60. Pullman, WA: Washington 

 Agricultural Experiment Station. 104 p. 



Ferguson, D. E.; Stage, A. R.; Boyd, R. J. 1986. Predicting regeneration in 

 the grand fir-cedar-hemlock ecosystem of the northern Rocky Mountains. 

 For. Sci. Monogr. 26. Washington, DC: Society of American Foresters. 41 p. 



Ferguson, D. E.; Crookston, N. L. 1991. User's guide to version 2 of the Re- 

 generation Establishment Model: part of the Prognosis Model. Gen, Tech. 



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