NATURAL ARRANGEMENT. 



507 



IS). Osusa LIII. OXaLIDE^. 

 Genera 3, Spt-cies 112 ; Hot-house Species 8; Green-house Species 93 ; Hardy Ligneous Species 

 Hiirdi/ Herbaceous Species 11. 1 feet ; £ 6 feet ; ^ feet 

 Formerly confounded with the last order. It is the opinion of modern botanists, that the species are more 

 nearly allied to Rutkceie or Zygoph^llea, and that their character and peculiar habit are quite sufficient lo 

 distinguish them. The beauty of the genus O'xalis is very great, and the readiness with which the 8|>ecies 

 may be cultivated and caustnl to tlower, would have been expected to make them universal favoritc«s ; they are 

 not, however, much seen in cultivation. Their proiK-rties are well known : all of them have a slightly acid 

 taste, whence some have occasionally been employed as salad ; their acidity is very agreeable and depends 

 uiK)n the presence of a small quantity of oxalate of jiotassa. In some of the species of equinoctial America 

 oxalic acid exists in great abundance. Several species are employed in Brazil as a remedy for certain fevers 

 of that country. Most commonly by division, otlsets, or seeds, but also by cuttings. 



1404 Avtrrhi).! L. | 1413 Biophytum Dec. 1 | 1414 O'xalis L. •iO 



140. Order LIV. ZYGOPHY'LLE.IL 

 Genera 7, Species 32 ; Hot-house Species 8 ; Green-house Species 22 ; Hardy Ligneous Species ; 

 Hardy Herbaceous Species 2. f feet ; £ Jifeet; * feet 

 The hardness of the wood of the shrubby species of this order is most remarkable, if the softness of the 

 stems of the herbaceous ones is remembered To this the extreme difficulty of propagating Guaiacum is to 

 be attributed. Z ygophyllum l-'abXgo is employed as an anthelmintic, but it is in the Guaiacum that the great 

 medical virtues of the order are found : all the genus is extremely exciting ; the wood and bark of Guai- 

 acum officinale and sanctum have a rather bitter acrid flavor, and are principally used as sudorifics, 

 diaphoretics, or alteratives ; they have been found to contain a particular substance diUering both from gum 

 and resin, which has been called guayacine. Many of the species bear beautiful flowers, especially the 

 Tribuluses, which, with their brilliant yellow (Istus-like blossoms, enliven many an arid waste in the tropics. 

 None are found in the colder latitudes of the world. Cuttings, division, or seeds. 



1306 TVibulus Tou. 

 1305 Fagbnju Tou. 



1307 L4rrea Cav. 



1 I 1304 Zygoph^llum L. 

 Io03 Gua'uicuin L. 







1155 PorliferiVi R. & P. 

 1704 Melifinthus L. 



141. Order LV. RUTA^CE^ 



Genera 37, Species 162 ; Hot-house species 18 ; Green-house Species 137 

 Hardy Herbaceous Species 4. 1 22Jfeet; £ 5 feet ; = 



Hardy Ligneous Species 4 ; 

 : feet. 



An interesting and extensive, but rather heterogeneous, group of plants, natives of all countries and all situ- 

 ations. The species are either fetid northern herbaceous plants, as the garden rue, or neat heath-like southern 

 shrubs, with an aromatic odor, as the Cape Diosmas ; broad or long-leaved .Australian shrubs, with a stellate 

 pubescence, as Phebalium, or tropical trees with panicles of pallid minute flowers, as the Cusparias and Zan- 

 thoxylums. The medical properties of many genera are considerable. Rnta and Pt'ganum are emmenagogue, 

 anthelmintic, and sudorific. Cape Diosmas abound in a volatile oil of an agreeable smell, but acrid flavour ; 

 several of its species are reputed antispasmodics. The Zanthoxylums are said to possess acrid, stimulating, 

 or tonic qualities ; Cl&va Herculis and /raxineum are said, in America, to be powerful sudorifics and dia- 

 phoretics. According to Barton, they possess a remarkable power of exciting copious salivation, not only 

 when applied to the mouth, but even when taken internally ; they have both been found powerful remedies 

 in paralysis of the muscles of the mouth. Zanth<'>xylum caribas^um is regarded in Guiana as a detersive 

 vulnerary and febrifuge. Brucen is used as an astringent in dysenteries. The famous febrifugal Angostura 

 bark is the produce of CuspXria febrifuga. Cuttings, division, or by inarching. 



142. Tribe 1. Ru>e«. 

 lig. 1. herb. 4. J 3 ft ; £ 4 fl. 



1309 BiiU Tou. 1 

 3342 Aplophi^llum J 

 1444 Peganum L. 

 1189 Cyminosma Gae. 



143. Tribe 2. Diosme.ie. 



^ 1. DlOSME^ EVROP^A^SJB. 



1308 Dict^mnusL. 



^ 2. D10SME.E cape'nses. 

 685 Calod^ndron Thun. 



675 Adenandra W. en. 

 3302 Acmadfenia B. ^ W. 



676 Baryosma W. en. 



677 Agathosma W. en, 

 674 Dichosma Dec 

 673 Diosraa Wul. 



3303 Coleonfema B.Si IV. 



3304 Macrostylis B. S( IV. 

 2619 Empleurura H. K. 



2 § 3. DiOSME.C alsthjlla'sicjE. 

 2 1154 Corrte\j Sm. 



1312 Pheb'ilium Ven. 

 1933 Philothfeca Rud. 



1310 CrC.wcrt Sm. 



1311 Eriostfemon Sm, 

 11,52 Borbiua Sm. 



399 ZieriVi Sm. 

 909? Poranthfera Hud. 



^ 4. DluS.ME.E AMERICA ViE. 



1191 Mellcope Forst. 

 396 Evbdia Forst. 

 1190 Elkphrium Jar. 



1313 Cho'isya H. B. | 



147. Order LVI. SIM ARUBAX:E.51 



144. Tribe 3. Clsparie^js. 



678 Spiranthfera St. HeL 

 48 Galipea Aub 

 2046 MonniLrm W. 



145. Tribe 4. ZA.VTiioxT'LEii 

 lig. 5. herb. 0. t 22i feet 

 27.58 Brticea Herit 

 2764 Zanthoxylum L 3 

 3SJ8 Fagiira L. 

 686 Todddlia J. 

 391 Ptfelea L. 1 

 2876 Aildntus Desf. 1 



146. Ruta^ceis affInes. 

 2759 Tetradium Tou. 



Genera 3, Species 5; Hot-house Species 5; Green-house Species ; Hardy Ligneous Species Oj 

 Hardy Herbaceous Species 0. JO feet ; j£ feet j ^ feet 

 Thirteen plants, found in equinoctial America, constitute this order. They are trees or shrubs, with an 

 intensely bitter bark, a milky juice, and pinnated leaves. The Siniariiba officinalis is well known as the most 

 pure and intense bitter hitherto discovered ; the same property exists, in a milder degree, in the rest of the 

 order. Quassio amlira is a very ornamental plant, but rare, at present, in collections. Cuttings. 



1316 Qu4ssia W. 



I 1317 Simariiba Aub. 



I 1318 Simuba Ilil. 



Section IV. Fruit (gt/nobasic) inserted into a Jlcshy Receptacle, with w/ach the Stifle is cuittinuous- 



148. Order LVI I. OCHNANCEiE. 



Genera 3, Species 15 ; Hot-house Species 14 ; Green-house Species 1 ; Hardy Ligneous Species ; 

 Hardy Herbaceous Species 0. J feet ; £ feet ; ^ feet 



Bcautiflil yellow-flowered tropical shrubs with lucid leaves. The roots and leaves of Walkfena 8err?»ta, a 

 Cingalese plant, are bitter ; a decoction of them, either in water or milk, is ustni in Malabar as tonic, stomachic, 

 and antiemetic. The bark of Gomphia hexaspenna is found useful in healing sores produced in cattle in 

 Brazil by the stings of insects. Cuttings. 



1582 O'chna Schreb. \ 1315 G6mphia Schreb. 



744 Walk^rm Schreb. | 1151 Cast^ln Turp. 



