NATURAL AHUANGEMENT. 



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21(77 I)rf|>;iiUH;in»il« .V<T/. 



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1X7. HcaoanRR II. SWAHT. 

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 l«i S> I'rtrkw K Mr 

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StiDORDER IV. 



PISEM. 



Tribl' OEi'iK FRK*. 



!?h>9 .^'riuhin 

 i'170 f'oandilia Thou. 

 '.'171 And'ira Laia 

 i;i7-' (Ji-oflV.-.va W. 

 lii.W IJrOwiu'.; Jac. 

 i;i74 Diptcrix Schreb. 



191. Tribe 10. Cassif.'/E. 

 lig. 17. ArrA. a f al ft. ; £ .5 ft. 

 1279 Moringa Dec. 



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 1278 

 1277 

 127.'") 

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 1'.'74 



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 34 



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 \'u\\u \i.na I.. 

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 S< li.,t/rt Jac. 

 Copaifera L. 

 Cyiioin^tra L. 

 Pari via Aulx 

 Odt.a Aub. 

 I'oiKipa Aub. 

 nymfii./-^rt li. 

 liaulilniVi riu. 

 tVrriH /.. 

 Cod&rium I'ahl 



192. DOI'BTPUL. 



linK) rhyllolobium Fis. 



19.3. Order LXVIII. ROSATE.f:. 

 Genera 46, Species TJW ; IIot./iou.Kc Sprcicf 12 ; Grfcn-housc Sprcicx 7.J ; Ilardt/ Ligneous Specks 478; 

 //fl/rf.V Herbaceous Species -m. f l<»l>ifect; £2J<|feet; *j feet. 



With the cxreptiou of Chrysobaliiica; and .SaiiffuiBi'irbca?, this order is so uniform in its appearance, that 

 l?^5a, the type from which all the other genera are to be cimsiderecl variations, when justly understoo<l, will 

 be found to contain every form of structure which is essential to the order. Having stated this, it will be at 

 once obvious, that if the other genera have such close affinity to /fdsa, they must also l)ear a great analogy in 

 beauty. And this is, indeed, the fact, yfm^gdalus and /'rimus among trees, and Potentilla, 6rum, and 

 others, among hcrlwceous genera, rival the rose in their blossoms, and, in many particulars, surpass that most 

 lovely of all flowers in foliage and general appearance. But it is not for charms alone of smell, or blossom, or 

 foliage, that this order h.ns fixed itself so high in the estimation of mankind. It has also the rare merit of 

 comprehending all the most important of the fruits of the temperate regions of the world. Thus the apple and 

 the pear belong to Py rus, the apricot to .<4rmenlaca, the plum to /'runus, the peach and the net^tarine to i^crsica ; 

 Eriobotrya prcnluces the Iwjuat, iVespilus the medlar, and, finally, the quince is borne by the C'ydbnia. The 

 medical jwwcrs of many plants of this order are not less active than their fruit is excellent. The principal of 

 these i.* the well-known Prussic acid, which exists in abundance in the leaves and kernels of many genera, 

 especially of Priinus and /*m5'gdalus : it is the basis of Laurel water, which, when taken in small doses, acts 

 either as a violent purgative or as an emetic ; and, in stronger doses, is said to destroy initability without 

 exciting inflammation ; these properties, however, although tlius dangerous in the distilled water of the laurel 

 and other similar plant.*, can scarcely be said to exist in any important quantity in the plants in a state of 

 nature. The kernel of the bitter almond, for example, in which the Prussic acid is more abundant than usual, 

 is used for many culinary and other purposes without any bad effect. There are, however, cases in which it 

 is said to be dangerous to eat the fresh leaves or kernel ; as in the C^rasus virginieina, the leaves and fruit of 

 which are reputed in the United States to be poisonous to certain animals. Besides the Prussic acid, there are 

 •everal other principles which abound in the order. All Drupacea3 yield a gum which is nearly allied to gum 

 Arabic, and which affords a strong evidence of the affinity that exists between RosJlcese and Legumin6s!€. 

 A great deal of astringency is found in many species, whence different parts have been occasionally employed 

 a-s febrifuges, and as remedies for haemorrhage, diarrhoea, and dysentery. The root of the Tormentilla is used 

 for tanning in the Ferro Isles ; and that of the Capollim cherry in Mexico. The bark of C'^rasus virginiana 

 is used as a febrifuge in the United States ; Potentilla r^ptans has been praised for the same properties. The 

 root of Geum urbanum has been found, by Milandi and Moretti, to contain one eleventh of its weight 

 of tannin ; it has been used both in America and Europe as a substitute for Jesuit's bark. The leaves of 

 Dr^as octopetala in the north of Europe, of iZubus &rcticus in Norway, of i^runus spinJjsa and C^rasus ^vium, 

 and of /fosa rubiginftsa, have been manufactured into a sort of substitute for tea. The bark of the root of 

 Gill'tviii trifoli^ta is remarkable in having, in addition to the astringency already mentioned, an emetic 

 property, on which account it is employed in North America as Ipecacuanha. It is said, that a similar power 

 exists in other Spirseas. Cutting, division, and seeds; by grafts, budding, and inarching. 



It must not be omitted, that the order Rosacea nearly answers to the Icosandria of Linnaeus. 



194. Tribe 1. CHRYSOBALA\vEiE. 



l.Tf)3 Chrysobalanus L. 

 1143 Par'inarium J. 

 1431 Grang{:ria Com. 

 653 HirteUa TV. 



195. Tribe 2. Amvgda*le£. 

 Ug. 96. herb. 0. 1 109| ft. 



1498 y4m^gda1us Toti. 



12 







1499 Persica Tou. 



7 







1500 /Irmeniaca Tou. 



7 







1501 Prunus Tou. 



*20 







1502 Cerasus J. 



•50 







196. Tribe 3. SpirsaYe*. 

 lig.Sn. herb. 16. 118 ft.; £11J ft 

 3366 PfirshiVi Dec. 1 



1531 Kerria Dec. 



1515 SpirjE^a L. 



1516 Gilltnia Moen. 



1 

 •35 14 



2 



197. Tribe 4. 

 1412 Grifelum L. 



Neura'^de*. 



198. Tribe 5. Deya^e*. 



lig. 64. herb. 171. 167f ft. ; 22|ft. 



15.S5 Drj^as L. * 2 



1530 Gfeum L. »0 22 



15.37 Siev^rsza W. 6 



1536 Coliiria R. Br. 1 



1514 Waldsteinia W. 1 



1525 Comaropsis Rich. 2 



1523 iiubus *58 7 



1524 Daliburda L. 1 



•0 



14 



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2 



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97 



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9 







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1526 Fragaria Tou. 

 l.")29 Tormentilla I,. 

 1528 Potentilla L. . 



1527 Comarum L. 

 924 Sibbaldm L, 



H jS Agrimbnia Tou. 



1209 Arembnia Dec. 



3349 Horkfeha Cham. 



199. Tribe 6 Sangijisorbe*. 

 lig. 0. herb. 32. f Oft; ^13 ft. 



337 Alchemilla L. •0 11 

 1467 Cephalbtus Lab. 



82 AcaeNia L. 8 



3280 Margyrocarpus R. 8f P. 



338 Sanguisf^rba L. •O 8 

 2655 Poterium L. *0 3 

 2812 ClifIort?a L. 



