In May 1969 a mixture of equal parts (by weight) of hard fescue {Festuaa ovina var. 

 duriusoula) , Kentucky bluegrass, Dutch clover {Trifoliwn repens) , and sodar wheatgrass 

 {Agvopyron sccundersii) was applied at a rate of 40 pounds per acre. Seed was broadcast 

 with particular attention being given to bare soil areas. Where needles formed a mat 

 over 1 inch deep, they were raked aside and the seed spread over the underlying mineral 

 soil. Mulch was not applied to any of the seeded areas. 



The eight units that were fertilized each received a total of 45 pounds of nitrogen, 

 7 pounds of phosphate (P2O5) > arid ^-5 pounds of potassium during the two growing sea- 

 sons. (On a per-acre basis, these quantities were equivalent to 315 pounds of nitrogen, 

 49 pounds of P2O5 and 24.5 pounds of potassium.) Roughly one-third of this total amount 

 was applied in two applications (one in June and one in September) in 1968 while the 

 young grass seedlings were becoming established. The remainder was applied in two ap- 

 plications (one in May and one in June) in 1969. 



Each of the eight irrigated units received at least 1 inch of water weekly during 

 each season over a circular area 110 feet in diameter.^ This quantity of water tripled 

 the moisture normally available from summer rainfall. The watered units were so locat- 

 ed that neither overland water flow nor drifting spray could reach units not scheduled 

 for irrigation. However, the water could not be evenly applied to all parts of the plot 

 because of interference from standing trees . 



Application of the weekly water treatment was complicated by the presence of visi- 

 tors using the campground. To avoid drenching tents and other camping gear, all visi- 

 tors were required to leave the campground with their equipment by 2 o'clock each 

 Tuesday afternoon. Signs as well as brochures were used to inform campers of the need 

 for the 1-day closure of the campground and the purpose of the irrigation program. The 

 entire campground was reopened at 8 o'clock on Wednesday morning at which time all units 

 were available on a "first-come-first-served" basis. Surprisingly few complaints were 

 received over the weekly closure, perhaps because other nearby campgrounds were avail- 

 able or because of the efforts made to explain the program to visitors. In any event, 

 the weekly closure of this campground did not produce any discernible public hostility. 



HOW EFFECTS WERE DETERMINED 



Vegetative and other ground cover conditions were sampled at I-foot intervals along 

 each of 10 permanent, equally spaced, 85-foot line transects within each unit. Each 

 sample point was judged as falling within one of the following nine ground cover condi- 

 tion categories: (1) trees (low branches, exposed roots, etc.); (2) shrubs; (3) grass; 

 (4) herbaceous vegetation; (5) litter (dead plant residue); (6) bare soil; (7) rock; 

 (8) man-installed facilities; and (9) miscellaneous (nonnatural material such as glass, 

 bottle caps, etc.).^ The quantity of vegetation at each unit was initially measured 

 in mid-September of 1967 following completion of any construction activity that might 

 have disturbed vegetation. It was remeasured twice--in mid-September of 1968 and in 

 mid-September of 1969. Figure 3 shows an example of change that occurred on a unit that 

 received water, fertilizer, and seed. 



Because of pressure variations, the amount of water could not be completely con- 

 trolled. Individual units received between 1.1 and 2.6 inches of water weekly. 



^The first four conditions were noted only for those portions of the vegetation 

 which were 1 foot or less in height. 



5 



