and slightly plastic (wet); few very fine and fine 

 roots; noncalcareous; slightly acid; 10 percent 

 subrounded gravel, 30 percent subrounded cob- 

 bles, and 20 percent subrounded stones; clear 

 wavy boundary. 

 2C1 31-49 cm (12-19 in). Light brownish gray 



(lOYR 6/2) stony sandy loam, white (lOYR 8/2) 

 dry; very weak fine crumb and moderate very 

 fine subangular blocky structure; loose to friable 

 (moist), nonsticky and nonplastic (wet); few very 

 fine roots restricted to rock faces; noncalcare- 

 ous; medium acid; 10 percent subrounded 

 gravel, 30 percent subrounded cobbles, and 20 

 percent subrounded stones; abrupt smooth 

 boundary. 



2C2 49-95+ cm (19-37+ in). Light brownish gray 

 (lOYR 6/2) stony sandy loam, white (lOYR 7.5/2) 

 dry; moderate fine to medium angular blocky 

 structure; firm (moist), nonsticky and nonplastic 

 (wet); no roots; many, fine, discontinuous, 

 horizontal, tubular pores within blocks; noncal- 

 careous; medium acid; 10 percent subrounded 

 gravel, 30 percent subrounded cobbles, and 20 

 percent subrounded stones. 



Location: N W 4 of NEIa of Sec. 19, T. 17 N., R. 15 W. 



Classification: Andic Dystrochrept, loamy-skeletal, 

 mixed, frigid 



Parent material: Ash over glacial till, outwash, and 



lacustrine deposits 

 Physiographic position: Hummocky raised bench above 



glacially-carved valley 

 Elevation: 4,400 feet 

 Slope: — 7 percent 



Remarks: I called the Bo horizon an ash layer because it 

 had a distinctive color and boundary and a high silt 

 content (estimated at 60 percent), low coarse fragment 

 content, and apparently low bulk density (felt light 

 and fluffy) compared to adjacent horizons. Colors are 

 for the moist soil unless otherwise indicated. 

 Soil Profile at the Abies lasiocarpa/Xerophyllum tenax 

 Habitat Type Plots 



Oi 0.7-0.5 cm (0.3-0.2 in). 



Oe 0.5-0 cm (0.2-0 in). 



A — 4 cm (0 — 2 in). Very dark grayish brown (lOYR 

 3/2) silt loam, dark grayish brown (lOYR 4/2) dry; 

 moderately weak very fine to fine crumb structure; 

 very friable (moist), slightly sticky and nonplastic 

 (wet); many very fine and few fine roots; noncalcare- 

 ous; very strongly acid; 5 percent angular to 

 subrounded gravel; abrupt smooth boundary. 



Bo 4-28 cm (2-11 in). Dark yellowish brown (lOYR 

 4/6) silt loam, light yellowish brown (lOYR 6/4) dry; 

 very weak very fine crumb structure; very friable to 

 loose (moist), nonsticky and nonplastic (wet); com- 

 mon very fine, few fine and medium roots; noncal- 

 careous; slightly acid; 3 percent angular gravel, 12 

 percent subrounded gravel; abrupt wavy boundary. 



2C 28-81+ cm (11-32+ in). Brown (7. SYR 5/4) cobbly 

 sand, light brownish gray (lOYR 6/2) dry; single 

 grain; loose (moist), nonsticky and nonplastic (wet); 



common very fine and few fine roots; noncalcareous; 



slightly acid; 10 percent angular and rounded 



gravel, collectively, and 75 percent subrounded 



gravel and cobbles, collectively. 

 Location: SE'4 of SW' 4 of Sec. 36, T. 17 N., R. 13 W. 

 Classification: Andic Dystrochrept, sandy-skeletal, 



mixed, frigid 

 Parent material: Ash over glacial outwash 

 Physiographic position: Broad stream terrace 

 Elevation: 4,400 feet 

 Slope: — 2 percent 



Remarks: I called horizon Bo ash because it had a dis- 

 tinctive color and boundary and a high silt content 

 (estimated at 55 percent), low coarse fragment content, 

 and apparently low bulk density (felt light and fluffy) 

 compared to the underlying horizon. Colors are for the 

 moist soil unless otherwise indicated. 



Soil Profile at the Pseudotsuga menziesiiJ 

 Symphoricarpos albus Habitat Type Plots 

 Oi 6-4.5 cm (2.4-1.8 in). 

 Oe 4.5-0 cm (1.8-0 in). 



A — 9 cm (0 — 4 in). Very dark grayish brown (lOYR 

 3/2) finely gravelly silt loam, light brownish gray 

 (lOYR 6/2) dry; moderately weak very fine crumb 

 structure; very friable (moist), slightly sticky and 

 nonplastic (wet); many very fine, few fine, and 

 common medium roots; noncalcareous; very 

 strongly acid; 30 percent angular gravel; clear 

 wavy boundary, 



E 9-29 cm (4-11 in). Brown (lOYR 5/3) finely grav- 

 elly loam, light gray (lOYR 7/2) dry; moderately 

 weak very fine to fine crumb structure with a few 

 moderately weak very fine subangular blocks; 

 very friable (moist), slightly sticky and nonplastic 

 (wet); many very fine, few fine, and common 

 medium roots; noncalcareous; medium acid; 40 

 percent angular gravel; clear wavy boundary. 



2E 29-42 cm (11-17 in). Brown (lOYR 5/3.5) cobbly 

 sandy loam, very pale brown (lOYR 7/3) dry; 

 moderately weak to moderate very fine to fine 

 subangular blocky structure; friable (moist), non- 

 sticky and nonplastic (wet); common very fine, 

 fine, and coarse roots; noncalcareous; medium 

 acid; 25 percent angular gravel, 25 percent chan- 

 nery sandstone, and 20 percent subrounded cob- 

 bles; gradual irregular boundary. 



2Btl 42-90 cm (17-35 in). YeUowish brown (lOYR 5/4) 

 cobbly clay, light yellowish brown (lOYR 6/4) with 

 common fine to medium, faint yellowish brown 

 (lOYR 5/4) mottles dry; moderate and strong very 

 fine to medium angular blocky structure; firm to 

 extremely firm (moist), sticky and plastic (wet); 

 many thin clay skins on ped and rock faces; com- 

 mon very fine, few fine and medium roots all re- 

 stricted to rock and ped faces; noncalcareous; 

 slightly acid; 25 percent angular gravel, 25 percent 

 channery sandstone, and 20 percent subrounded 

 cobbles, at 70 cm changing to 10 percent angular 

 gravel, 15 percent channery sandstone, and 55 per- 

 cent subrounded cobbles; gradual irregular 

 boundary. 



37 



