The approximate production rates in table 3 show relative production capacities 

 and are for tentatively balancing the system. The best production data available are 

 used for each simulation run. Published production data from the Pulp and Paper 

 Research Institute of Canada (PPRIC) were used for most of the processors or harvesters. 

 Other production data are from published or unpublished studies of the Forest Engineer- 

 ing research work unit at Bozeman, Montana. 



Simulation 



The simulation program (SAPLOS) used was developed by Leonard Johnson and others 

 (1972). It was reprogramed from GASP II to GASP IV and adapted for more general use. 



Table 10 presents the harvesting and transportation cost per cubic foot for each 

 subsystem for merchantable and nonmerchantable material. The method for computing 

 equipment operating cost for the simulation runs is shown in appendix B. The costs 

 include delay time, but not nonproductive time or overhead cost. 



Simulation is a technique to examine alternatives. Field operations could vary 

 considerably from the simulation trials because of such factors as unfamiliarity with 

 the system (in the short run), differences in equipment operators, conditions differing 

 from those under which the data were derived, and other variables. However, the trials 

 are well within the accuracy needed to show the general viability of these systems for 

 clearcut harvesting. 



Harvesting systems I-IV are completely mechanized and are usable for the relatively 

 flatter terrain in the Rocky Mountain area. Most of the material harvested with these 

 systems would be lodgepole pine, which makes up 29 percent of the commercial species 

 volume in the Northern Rocky Mountain area. 



In table 11, the estimated delivered costs including nonproductive time and over- 

 head are shown. 



Table 10. --Costs for simulated alternative harvesting systems ($/ft 3 ) 



System 



Material 



: Felling 

 : or 



:felling and buckin 



:Skidding 

 : or 

 g : yarding 



Processing 

 or 



forwarding 



: Loading 



: or 



: fingerling 



: Hauling : 



Subtotal 



: Total 





Logs 



0. 0151 



0.0291 



0. 0535 



0.0706 



0. 1081 



0.2763 





1 















0.4835 





Residue 



. 0151 



.0300 



.0384 



.0614 



.0623 



.2072 







Logs 



.0229 



. 0457 





.0709 



.1105 



.2500 





II 

















.5154 





Residue 



.0229 



.0457 



.0581 



.0731 



.0656 



.2654 







Logs 



.0151 



.0291 



.0748 



. 0706 



.1081 



.2977 





III 















.5051 





Residue 



.0151 



.0300 



.0384 



.0616 



.0623 



.2074 







Logs 



0. 



1092 



.0483 



. 0718 



.1101 



.3457 





IV 















.6047 





Residue 





1092 



.0253 



.0618 



.0627 



.2590 







Logs 



.0210 



.04 54 





.0706 



. 1098 



.2468 





V 















.5027 





Residue 



.0210 



.0441 



.0531 



.0731 



.0646 



.2559 







Logs 



.0210 



.1575 





.0709 , 



.1100 



.3594 





V] 

















.7118 





Residue 



. 0210 



.1575 



.0384 



. 0725 



.0630 



.3524 





12 



