Similar results were noted in an old growth Douglas- 

 fir forest (Coram Experimental Forest, Montana) where 

 near-complete removal of residues, broadcast burning, 

 and protection of an advanced understory were used in 

 clearcut and partial cut (shelterwood) units. There were 

 differences in ratings that have both practical and 

 statistical significance: 



(1) The mature uncut stand was preferred to every har- 

 vested area, particularly to the first years after harvest. 



(2) Shelterwood harvest was usually preferred to clear- 

 cuts, regardless of residue treatment. 



(3) Residue removed treatment, which included cutting 

 and removing the understory, was rated about the same 

 as protecting the understory (within a given cutting 

 method). 



(4) Ratings increased in the years after harvest for all 

 treatments, although in some cases the year-to-year 

 changes were not significantly different. 



As in the lodgepole pine study reported above, dis- 

 turbance and debris appeared to influence ratings, 

 particularly in the first year. By the second and third 

 years undergrowth vegetation had begun to cover soil 

 disturbance and debris, and ratings were higher. The 

 ratings in shelterwood residue removed were higher than 

 clearcut residue removed, and also higher than any residue 

 burned treatment, probably because undergrowth still did 

 not cover the partially burned larger re'^idue material. 



Ratings are illustrated in figure 3, c 1 detailed data 

 presented in table 3. 



Table 3.-Mean ratings of timber harvest by skyline logging in 

 Douglas-fir/larch, Coram Experimental Forest 



Treatment 



UNCUT STAND 



SHELTERWOOD 



Residue burned: 

 First year 

 Second year 



Residue removed: 

 First year 

 Second year 

 Third year 



Protect understory 



CLEARCUT 



Residue burned: 

 First year 

 Second year 



Residue removed: 

 Second year 

 Third year 



Protect understory 

 (Critical diff.)2 



Viewer Panel' 



Mean rating 



7.59 7.02 



2.96 

 3.43 



3 92 

 6.07 

 6.54 



5.46 



1.29 

 3.63 



3.27 

 5.04 



(1.08) 



4.06 



5.94 

 5.74 



2.74 

 2,76 



3.09 

 4.92 



4.97 

 (.97) 



Panel 1, University of Montana psychology students. 1976; 

 Panel 2. University of Montana forestry students, 1976 

 'Differences betw/een means that exceed this are significant at the 95 

 level 



'This panel did not evaluate the scene. 



6 



