9. BIXINEiE. 



21 



surrounding the seeds (Arnotto) is used to colour butter and as a dye for 

 silk fabrics. Wood pinkish-white, soft. 



3. SCOLOPIA, Schreber. 



Spinous trees. Leaves alternate; entire. Flowers in axillary 

 racemes, small. Sepals 4-6. Petals 4-6, imbricate in bud. Stamens 

 many, connective produced. Ovary 1-celled ; style erect ; stigma 

 entire or lobed ; ovules few ; on 3-4 parietal placentas. Berry 2-4-seed- 

 ed. Seeds with long funicles ; testa hard ; cotyledons foliaceous. 



Scolopia crenata, Clos. 1. c. 250 ; Fl. Br. I. 1. 191 ; Bedd. El. Sylv. 

 15. Fhoberus crenatus, W. & A. Dalz. & Gibs. Bomb. Fl. 11. 



Western Ghats from the Konkan southwards and in Ceylon ; common 

 on the Nilkund and Dodmune Ghdts of North Kanara. Fl. March. Fr. 

 ripe August, Bark rough with raised lenticels. Spines branched. Wood 

 hard, dense, white. 



4. PLACOURTIA, Commers. 



Trees or shrubs, usually spinous. Leaves toothed or crenate. 

 Flowers dioecious. Sepals 4-5, small, imbricate. Petals 0. Stamens 

 numerous ; anthers short, versatile. Ovary on a glandular disk ; 

 styles 2 or more ; stigmas 2-notched or 2-lobed. Fruit a few-seeded 

 berry. Seeds obovoid ; testa coriaceous ; cotyledons orbicular. 



An evergreen tree. Leaves and racemes pubescent 



or tomentose Emit globose, size of a cherry ... 1. F, montana. 

 Deciduous small trees or shrubs. E-acemes and ' * 



leaves quite glabrous. Eruit size of a pea. 

 Flowers in short racemes or panicles, not on 

 long axillary thorns. Stigmas 5-11, free or 

 connate... ... ... ... 2. F. RamontcM, 



Flowers solitary or twin, usually on long axillary 

 thorns. Stigmas 3-4, usually free ... 3, F. sepiaria, 



P. montana, Grab. Cat. Bomb. PI. 10; Fl. Br. I. 1. 192; Dalz. & 

 Gibs. Bomb. Fl. 10. Han sampige, gudda, K. ; Attak, champer, champarif 

 M. 



Konkan, Korth Kdnara, in evergreen forests. Fl. 0. S. Fr. April. A 

 small tree ; spines 2-3 in. long. Bark thin, grey, smooth, with or without 

 lenticels. Green parenchyma often distinctly developed ; inner bark 

 grey, more or less fibrous. Wood light brown, tough, compact, with a 

 satin-like lustre, and a characteristic foetid smell. Pores small, often in 

 lines of 2-3 together between the numerous very fine and short medullary 

 rays. Weighs 50 lbs. to the cubic foot. Used for building purposes in 

 North Kanara. The fruit is edible when perfectly ripe. 



2. P. Ramontchi, L. Herit. Stirp. 69. t. 80, 31 ; Fl. Br. I. 1. 193 ; 

 Erandis For. Fl. 18 ; Bedd. Fl. Sylv. 16 ; Dalz. & Gibs. Bomb. Fl. 10. 



sapida, Koxb. Fl. J. 3, 835. Taker, kaker, bhekal, M. ; Kanjuf H. ; 

 Hunmunki, hanumanth, hhably, K. 



