22, simaeubej:. 



65 



Order 22. SIMARUBE^. 



Shrubs or trees with bitter bark. Leaves alternate, simple or 

 pinnate. Flowers small, re^^ular, dichnous. Calyx 3-5-lobe(l. Petals 

 3-5, rarely 0, valvate or imbricate. Stamens as many or twice as 

 many as petals, inserted at the base of the disk. Ovary free, 1-6- 

 cellcd, usually deeply lobed ; styles 2-5, free or united ; ovules usually 

 solitary in each cell. Fruit drupaceous, capsular or samaroid, of 2-6 

 distinct carpels. Seed usually solitary, albuminous ; embryo straight 

 or curved ; radicle superior. 



Ovary deeply divided. 



Leaves piunato ; fruib samaroid ... ... 3. Atlanttts. 



Leaves simple ; fruit drupaceous, winged ... 2. Hamadeba. 



Ovary entire. Leaves 2-foliate 3. Balanites. 



1. AILANTUS, Desf. 



Large trees. Leaves veiy large, alternate, unequally pinnate* 

 Flowers small, polygamous, in large axilhry panicles. Calyx 5-lid. 

 Petals 5, valvate. Disk 10-lobed. Stamens 10, inserted at base of 

 disk ; in hermaphrodite flowers stamens 2-3. Ovary 2-5-partite ; 

 styles connate ; ovules 1 in each cell. Fruit of 1-5, 1-seeded sama- 

 ras ; wing large, membranous. Seed pendulous ; albumen scanty ; 

 cotyledons orbicular, foliaceous ; radicle superior. 



Leaflets toothed, glaudular-hairy. Samara twisted... 1. A, excels a. 

 Leaflets entire, glabrous. Samara not twisted 2. A. malahariccu 



1. A. excelsa, Roxb. Fl. Ind. II. p. 450 ; Fl. Br. L 1. 518; Dalz. & 

 Gibs. Bomb. Fl. 46; Brandis For. Fl. 58; Bedd, Fl. Sylv. t. 122, 

 Maharuk, varul, Vern. Moto-aduso, Guz. ; Maha nimhj Umhado, M, ; 

 Helbeva^ K. 



Indigenous in 0. & S. India, Behar and the W. Peninsula; occa- 

 sionally met with in Rajpntaua, on the Coromandel Coast and Ceylon ; 

 common about the Broach District, Baroda, the Deccan (Bijapur dis- 

 trict) and Guzerat. A large tree, somewhat resembles the ash in ap- 

 pearance. Leafless during the cold season. New leaves appear during 

 March and April. Fl. Apl. & May. Wood soft, white, weighs 28 lbs. to 

 the cub. ft. ; used for fishing floats, sword handles, native boats, &c. 

 Bark intensely bitter, used as a febrifuge and tonic ; it contains large, 

 stony cells, also many conglomerate raphides, but no tannin. 



2. A. malabarica, DO. Prod. IL 89 ; Fl. Br, I. 1. .518 ; Dalz. &Gibs. 

 Bomb. Fl. 46 ; Brandis For. Fl. 58 ; Bedd. Fl. Sylv. t. 122. Guggnl- 

 dJmp, muddhedhup, K, 



Western Peninsula from the Konkan southwards. Pegu, met with in 

 the valley of the Tgit-toung ; often planted in Southern India. 



Throughout the Konkan and North Kanara in evergreen forests, 

 from the sea-level upwards. Flowers in February and March. Fruit 

 ripe in May. 

 B 987—9 



