94 



30. BHAMNEiE. 



[Veniilago, 



paniculate or solitary. Calyx 4-5-cleft, lobes triangular, valvate in 

 bud. Petals 4-5, rarely 0, inserted on the throat of the calyx-tube^ 

 cucullate or involute. Stamens 4-5, opposite the petals, often enclosed 

 by them. Disk fleshy, filling the calyx-tube or thin and lining it. 

 Ovary sessile, free or immersed in the disk, more or less adherent to 

 the calyx-tube, 2-3-celled ; cells 1-ovuled. Fruit various, sometimes 

 winged. Seed generally albuminous ; embryo large, erect. 



Fruit dry, 1-celled, 1-winged 1. YeKtilago. 



Fruit dry or fleshy with a 1-3-celled stone, not 



winged 2. Zizyphus. 



Fruit dry or fleshy of 3 pyrenes or cocci. Disk 

 lining the calyx-tube or fleshy and filling it. 



Disk thin, lining the calyx-tube 3. RhAMNUS. 



Disk fleshy, filling the calyx-tube. 



Flowers pedicelled, in axillary fascicles 



or sub-umbellate. Leaves opposite ... 4. ScuTIA. 

 Flowers sessile, in terminal panicles. 



Leaves opposite 5. Sageretia. 



Flowers in short axillary cymeS. Leaves 



alternate 6. Coltjbrina. 



Fruit dry, S-celled, 3-winged 7. Gofania. 



1. VENTILAGO, G^rtn. 



Scandent shrubs. Leaves alternate. Flowers small in axillary and 

 terminal panicles. Calyx 5-cleft, lobes keeled within. Petals 5, 

 hooded, deflexed. Stamens 5, adnate to the base of the petals. Disk 

 5-lobed, filling the calyx -tube. Ovary immersed in the disk, 2-celled ; 

 style very short ; fruit 1-celled, 1 -seeded, produced at the summit into 

 a long wing. Seed sub-globose, exalbuminous. 



Flowers in simple or panicled spikes. 



Nut girt at the base. Ovary with a few white 



hairs at the base. Calyx glabrous within. 1. F, madraspatana. 

 Nut girt round the middle. Ovary densely 

 pubescent. Calyx also densely pubescent 



within 2, V. calyculata. 



Flowers, in axillary fascicles 3. V, bombaiensis, 



1. V. madraspatana, Gserfcn. Fruct. 1223. t. 49. f. 2 : Fl. Br. I. 1. 

 631 ; Dalz. & Gibs. Bom. Fl. 48 ; Brandis For. Fl. 96. Locundie, haw 

 wail^ M. ; Sakal-yel, M. 



Western Peninsula from the Konkan southwards, Tenasserim, Ceylon 

 and Java. Throughout the moist forests of the Konkan and N. Kanara. 

 Fl. Dec- Jan. Fr. March- May. A large climber, stems 4 in. in diameter, 

 covered spirally with knobs which develop fine roots at base of stem. 

 Bark smooth, thin, dark -grey, verfcically, shallow fissured. Wood greyish- 

 yellow, porous, soft. A red dye is obtained from the root and a cordage 

 is made from the bark. — Gamble. 



2. V. ealyculata, Tulasne in Ann. Sc. ISTat. Ser. 4. VIII. 121 ; Fl. Br. 

 I. 1. 631; Brandis For. Fl. 96. Fapri, Vern. ; Kiwiyadi, gapsandi 

 bally, K. 



