226 



59. APOCYNACEJB. 



Istonia, 



2. A. venenatus, Bro^vn in Mem. Wern. Soc. 1.75 ; Fl, Br. I. 3. 642 ; 



Dalz. & Gibs. Bomb. Fl. S .ppl. 52 ; Bedd. Fl. Sylv. 160. 



Deccan peninsula from N. Kanara to the Neilgherries, 2 — 4500 ft., 

 Conrtallnm, Dindlgal on high hills. In the evergreen forests of N. Kanara 

 near the Nilkund and Devimone ghats. A shrub, sometimes a small 

 tree 20 ft. high. Fl. R. S. Fr. Nov.-Jany. 



8. HOLARRHENA, Br. 



Trees or shrubs. Leaves opposite, entire. Flowers white, usually 

 in terminal cymes. Calyx 5-lobed ; lobes small, glandular within. 

 Corolla-tube swollen at its base round the anthers, lobes spreading, 

 twisted to the left. Stamens included. Disk 0. Carpels 2, distinct ; 

 style short, filiform, stigma oblong, fusiform, top entire; ovules 

 numerous. Fruit of 2 long slender follicles. Seeds with a deciduous 

 coma j albumen ; cotyledons broad, complicate, radicle superior. 



H. antidysenterica, "Wall. Cat. 1672 ; Fl. Br. I. 3. 644 ; Brandis For. 

 Fl. 326 ; Bedd. Fl. Sylv. 160 ; Dalz. & Gibs. Bomb. Fl. 145. Dowla, kura^ 

 mdrajaVf Vern. ; Koodsaloo^ korchu, K. ; Kuda^ M. 



Tropical Himalaya from the Chenab westwards and throughout India 

 to Travancore and Malacca. Throughout the presidency, common in 

 deciduous forests. Fl. Mch.-June. Fr. next March. A small tree. Bark 

 dark coloured, furrowed and scaly. Wood white or grey, soft, close- 

 gi-ained, smooth ; annual rings visible, but not distinct. Pores small, in 

 radial lines. Med. rays fiue and very fine, numerouB. Weighs 46 lbs. 

 to the cub. ft. Used for carving. Leaves, fruit and seeds employed in 

 native medicine. 



9. TABERN^MONTANA, Linn. 



Trees or shrubs. Leaves opposite. Flowers white, in axillary 

 cymes. Calyx glandular within. Corolla-tube cylindrical, slender ; 

 lobes overlapping to the left. Stamens inserted about the middle of 

 the tube. Disk 0. Carpels two, distinct; style short or long, top 

 urceolate, ovoid or clavate ; stigma short ; ovules many. Fruit of two, 

 smooth or ribbed 1 -many-seeded, dry or fleshy follicles. Seeds in 

 pulp, albumen fleshy. 



T. Heyneana, Wall, in Bot. Beg. t. 1273 ; Fl. Br. I. 3. 646. T. crispa^ 

 Roxb. ; Dalz. & Gibs. Bomb. Fl. 144. Naglkudo, -pandra-kura, M. ; Hili 

 kodsaloo, nagarkooduj Jialmeti, maddarsa, K. 



Western ghdts from the Konkan southwai'ds. Throughout the Konkan 

 and Korth Kanara, in evergreen forests, common. FL Mch.-Apl. Fr. 

 July-Aug. Small tree, bark grey, rough, corky, longitudinally fissured 

 and with horizontal cracks ; inner bark white or yellowish with much 

 milky juice. Wood grey, smooth, very soft. Annual rings distinct. Pores 

 small, uunierous, in radial lines. ISIedullary rays fine, numerous. Weighs 

 about 28 lbs. to the cub. ft. Timber not used in North Kanara> Corolla 



