2m 



67. ACANTHAGEJE. 



[E/iinacant/iitg^ 



Throu^liout India cultivated, perhaps wild in tlie Deccau peninsula 

 and Ceylon. Apparently wild in the deciduous forests of the Belgaum 

 District, also on tbe ghats of North K4nara near Supa and generally 

 throughout the presidency. Fl. Jany,-Apl. Fr. May. -June. 



Leaves and root used for medicinal purposes, contains an acid allied to 

 chrysophanic. 



The following undor-shrubs are found throughout the forests of the 

 Deccan, Konkan and North Kauara : — BcedalciGanthus roseus, T. Anders. ; 

 I), purpurascens, T. Anders, (gulsliam, M.) ; D. montanus, T. Anders. ; 

 Blepharis asperriina, Nees ; Barleria JPrioiiitis, Linn. (Jcalsunda pivala- 

 koranfa, M.) ; B. cuspidata, iJeyne, (common in the dry districts of the 

 presidency); B. HochsteUeri, Nees (Sind) ; B. mysorensis, Both. (Dbnr- 

 war district) ; B. dcanthoides, Vahl. (Sind) ; B. invohicrata, Nees {vi.v, 

 eJata) ; B. Lawii, T. Anders. ; B. montana, Nees {koUsta, ikhari^M..} ; 

 B. Gibsoni, Dalz. \ B. cristata, Linn.; B. courtallica, JVees;B. strigosa, 

 Willd. (wahii, kola koranta, M.) ; Neuracanthus sphoerostacliyus, Dalz. ; 

 N. trinervius, Wight, (moist forests of North Kdnara) ; Grossavdra 

 unduloifolia, Qalisb. (Aholi, M. ; often cultivated) ; Eranthemum ^nala- 

 haricum, C.B.O. (in evergreen forests) ; Oymnostachyiim latijolium, 

 T.Anders, (in evergreen forests) ; Echolium Linneamtr)i, Kz* (janaholi, 

 dhakta-dalsa, M.) (in the evergreen forests of North Kanara). 



Order 68. VERBENACE-aS. 



Herbs, shrubs or trees. Leaves opposite or whorled, simple or 

 digitate, exstipulate. Inflorescence cymose, cymes often panicled, 

 bracteate. Calyx 5-4 -toothed^ gamosepalous, persistent. Corolla 

 gamopetalous, 2-lipped or subequally 5-lobed. Stamens generally 

 4, didynamous ; anthers 2-celled ; cells parallel and opening longi- 

 tudinally. Ovary superior, 2-4-celled, style terminal, cells 4-ovnled. 

 Fruit a drupe, I-4-celled ; cells 1-seeded. Seeds erect or pendulous, 

 exalbuminous ; radicle inferior. 



Fruit a fleshy drupe ; Calyx not much enlarged. 

 Leaves •'imple. Corolla lobes unequal. 



Inflorescence in many -flowered spikes or 

 bracteate heads. 



Pyrenes of fruit 2-1, 1-seeded ... 1. LantAna^ 

 Inflorescence in panicled cymes. Drujpc 

 with ] pyrene. 



Flowers small ; style with 2, short 

 acute, stigmatic lobes. Erect or 

 climbing trees or shrubs ... 2. Peemna. 



Flowers large. Corolla with a wide 

 open mouth ; style Tinequally 



2 1obed. Erect tree 3. Gmelina. 



Leaves simple. Corolla-lobes regular. 



Inflorescence in axillary cymes. Drupe 



of 4, 1-celled pyrenes 4. Callicarpa. 



Leaves digitately 3-5-foiiate 5. Vitex, 



Fruit a dry or succulent drupe, separating into 

 2-4 ])yrf nes. 



Calyx enlarged in fruit. Corolla- tube slender, 



lobes equal. Leaves simiile C. CuERODENDEOir, 



