291 



79. SANTALACE^. 



\_Ospis, 



commerce. Wood-yellowisli-brown, strongly scetned, very hard, close- 

 grained. Annual rings distinct Pores small, circular, numerous. Medul- 

 lary rays very fine and numerous. Weighs about 60 lbs, to the cub. ft. 

 Used for carving, for burning in P^rsi temples and for the cremation of 

 wealthy Hindus. 



2. OSYRIS,L. 



Glabrous shrubs ; branches angular. Leaves alternate. Flowers 

 hermaphrodite or unisexual^ solitary or cymore. Perianth of male 

 fl, slender, tube solid^ of hermaphrodite fl. obconical, 3-4-lobed. 

 Stamens 3-4-5. Disk angled between the stamens. Ovary inferior, 

 ovules 2-4, at apex of short central placenta. Frait a drupe. Seed 

 globose, albuminous, embryo terete or with the cotyledons dilated. 



O. arborea, WaU. Cat. 4035 ; Fl. Br. I. 5. 232 ; Brandis For. Fl. 399 . 



0. WigMiana, Dalz. & Gibs. Bomb. Fl. 223. Popoliy lotal, M. ; Kuriganda, 

 haingani, K. 



Sub-tropical Himalaya from Simla to Bhotan ascendiug to 7000 ft. ; 

 Western Peninsula on the gh^ts from the Konkan southwards, Ceylon. 

 Throughout the Konkan and North Kanara, common in moist forests 

 from the sea-coast inland, also in the dry forests of the Belgaum District, 

 Fl. throughout the year. 



A large shrub, Sapwood light red, heartwood dark red, close-grained, 

 smooth, hard, tough. Pores very small, numerous. Medullary rays very 

 indistinct. Weighs 54 lbs. to the cub. ft. Used for making walking 

 sticks. 



3. SCLEROPYRUM, Arnott. 



Trees often spiny. Leaves coriaceous. Flowers in short catkin- 

 like axillary spikes at the leafless nodes, polygamous. Perianth- 

 tube of male fl. solid; of female fl. adnate to the ovary; lobes 5, 

 valvate or sub-imbricate. Stamens 5, filaments 2-fid ; anther-cells 

 dehiscing transversely. Disk annular. Ovary inferior ; style short, 

 stigma large, peltate ; ovules 3, pendulous from the top of a central 

 column. Drupe pyriform^ pedicelled. Seed subglobose^ embryo 

 terete. 



S. Wallichianum, Arn. in Jard. Mag. Zool. <& Bot. IT. C1858) 550 ; Fl. 

 Br. I. 5. 234 Fyrularia WalliGhiana, Bedd. Fl. Sylv. t. 304. Bodlige, 

 K. 



In the evergreen forests of the Konkan and North Kdnara ghats ; 

 near Yellapur, common near the Nilkund and Dodraune ghdfcs. Fl. Dec- 

 Mch., Apl.-June. A small tree with smooth bark armed with conical 

 sharp spines. Wood whitish, very hard. Med. rays numerous, both fine 

 and broad. Pith large. Flowers yellowish- red. Fruit 2 in., brown, 

 pear-shaped, crowned with the persistent calyx ; seed case bony. 



