324 



81. URTICACEiE. 



[Moru». 



From the salt range along the foot of the Himalaya and southwards to 

 Ceylon. Jn the dry districts of the pregidency, common in hedges in the 

 Dharwar District. Also in N. Kanara at Bunwasi, Sirsi sub-division. 

 Fl. Jany. -April. Fr. Apl.-June. A large thorny shrub. Bark thin, 

 peeling off in thin flakes. Wood grey, heartwood small, orange-yellow, 

 very hard. 



7. MORUS, Linn. 



Trees or shrubs. Leaves alternate, simple ; stipules small, lateral, 

 deciduous. Flowers unisexual, spicate. Male fl. Sepals 4. Stamens 

 4, opposite to and longer than the calyx- segments ; anther-cells introrse. 

 Pistillode rudimentary. Female fl. Sepals 4, accrescent in fruit. 

 Ovary 1-celled ; style central, 2-partite or 2-fid ; ovule 1, pendulous. 

 Fruit a syncarpium of akenes included in the succulent perianths. 

 Albumen fleshy ; embryo incurved ; cotyledons equal ; radicle ascending, 

 incumbent. 



Female spikes short, ovoid. Fruit black when ripe ... 1, M, indica. 

 Female spikes long, cyliudric. Fruit cylindrical, 

 yellowish- white ... ... ... 2. M* l(^vigata, 



1. M. indica, Linn. Sp. PI. 986 ; FL Br. I. 5. 492; Brandis For. Fl, 

 408. Tut, amhat, M. 



Temperate and subtropical Himalaya from Kashmir to Sikkim, ascend- 

 ing to 7000 ft. wild and cultivated. Cultivated and run wild near 

 villages in North Kanara and elsewhere throughout the presidency. FL 

 Mch.-June. Fr. June- Aug. A small tree. Wood yellow with darker 

 streaks, hard, 



2. M. laevigata, Wall. Cat. 4G49 ; Fl. Br. I. 5. 492 ; Brandis For. Fl. 

 409. 



Wild and cultivated with Himalaya from the Indus to Assam np 

 to 4000 ft. Bengal, Burma. Cultivated in gardens at Dharwar and 

 probably elsewhere in the presidency. Fl, C. S. Fr. H, S, A small 

 tree. 



8. FICXJS, Linn. 



Trees or shrubs. Leaves alternate or rarely opposite, entire or 

 lobed. Flowers unisexual on the inner surface of a globose or ovoid 

 receptacle, the mouth of which is closed by imbricate bracts. Ee- 

 ceptacles bracteate, unisexnal, but usually androgynous with the 

 males near the mouth. Flowers of 4 kinds ; male, female, gall-flowerg 

 and neuters. Male fl. Perianth thin, 2-6-fid or partite. Stamens 

 1-2 ; anthers of 2, distinct cells. Female fl. Perianth of the male or 

 0. Ov^ary l-celled ; style excentric, stigmas various, ovule 1, pendu- 

 lous. Akenes crustaceous or fleshy. Albumen scanty, embryo curved ; 

 cotyledons equal or unequal, radicle upcurved. 



The gall flowers are very like the females, but do not perfect seed. 

 The style is often dilated and the ovary contains the papa of a Hymc- 

 nopterous insect. 



