4 



BILTMORE BOTANICAL STUDIES 



Marshallia graminifolia (Walt.) Small. Plate IX. 



Athanasia graminifolia Walt , Fl. Car., 201, 1788. 



Persoonia angustifolia Michx. , Fl. Bor.-Am., 2 : 106, 1803. 



Trattenikia angustifolia Pers. Syn. PI. 2 : 403, 1807. 



Marshallia angustifolia Pursh, Fl. Am. Sept. 2 : 520, 18 14 ; Torr. & 



Gray, Flora N. Am. 2:390, 1842 (exclusive of var cyananthera); 



Chapman, Flora S. U. S. 241, i860 ; Gray, Syn. Flora, 2d. ed , 



1:303, 1886. 



Marshallia graminifolia Small, Bull. Torr. Club, 25 : 482, 1898. 



A perennial herb 3.5 dm -i m tall : stems angled and striate, simple 

 or branched, glabrous near the base, the uppermost portions of 

 the stems together with the peduncles clothed with short, jointed, 

 incurved, purplish-colored hairs : radical leaves spatulate, obovate 

 or oblong-obovate, 3-1 2 cm long, 5 ram -i cm broad, mostly 3-nerved ; 

 lower cauline leaves linear, linear-oblong or linear-lanceolate, 

 4 cm -2 dm long, 2-1 3 mm broad, i-3 : nerved, glabrous; upper cauline 

 leaves gradually reduced in length and breadth, becoming in the 

 uppermost mere linear-subulate bracts : involucral bracts 4~7 mm 

 long, subulate pointed, rigid, usually winged below the middle : 

 florets 8-i4 mm long: corolla externally pubescent, the throat not 

 conspicuously dilated : pappus scales i-2 mm long, pointed, entire 

 or lacerate : achenes angled and ribbed, pubescent, 2-2. 5 mm long 

 at maturity : chaff of the receptacle linear-subulate. 



Low grounds, North Carolina to Florida, westward to Ala- 

 bama and Louisiana. 



The following specimens have been examined : North Carolina : Wil- 

 mington, C. S. Williamson, September 2, 1900 ; Wilmington, G. McCarthy, 

 July, 1885; Wilmington, Thos. Wood, September, 1882. Georgia: Trader's 

 Hill, J. K. Small, July 24-26, 1895. Florida: Lake City, A. S. Hitchcock, 

 June-July, 1898 ; G. V. Nash, No. 2221 ; P. H. Rolfs, No. 406 ; Duval 

 county, G. V. Nash, No. 2318 ; Jacksonville, L. H. Lighthifie , No. 333 ; 

 H. D. Keeler, 1870-1876 ; A. II. Curtiss, Nos. 5109, 4493 and 1525 (not 

 1525*) ; Apalachicola, Dr. Chapman, ex-dist. Biltmore Herbarium Nos. 28o7 a 

 and 28o7 b ; Mariana, C. Mohr, June 21, 1880. Alabama: Mobile, C. Mohr, 

 August, 1879. Louisiana : Hale, No. 357. 



Marshallia graminifolia cyananthera (Elliott) Plate X. 



Marshallia angustifolia cyananthera Elliott, Bot. S C. & Ga. 2:317, 1824. 

 Fernald, Bot. Gaz. 24 : 435, 1897. 



A depauperate form of the species characterized by slender, 

 simple stems and small heads. 



