Josselyn Botanical Society 



15 



found there rarely become permanently established. In this 

 fashion Galeopsis Ladanum L., or its variety latifolia Wallr. , 

 has occurred in some abundance for 'a year or so at such 

 widely scattered stations as Gaspe Basin, Bangor, and Chel- 

 sea, but in no case persisting. Similarly, there are many 

 species of common occurrence around woolen mills, as at 

 North Berwick, Maine, Chelmsford and South Lawrence, 

 Massachusetts. Wool-waste, which is thrown aside to decay 

 and afterwards sold as fertilizer, contains the seeds of many 

 species of plants common to the sheep ranges of the North- 

 west, California, or Australia, and such seeds often germi- 

 nate. Mr. J. C. Parlin for several years watched very care- 

 fully the woolen-waste grounds at North Berwick, securing 

 many scores of such introduced species. Among those of 

 rather regular occurrence are: Tragus racemosus (L.) All., 

 Cenchrus caroliniaiius Walt., Polypogon monspeliensis (L.) 

 Desf., Medicago hispida Gcertn., M. laciniata (L.) Mill., 

 Erodium cicutarium (L,.) L'Her., E. moschatum (L.) L'Her., 

 Xanthium speciosum Kearney, and Bidens aristosa (Michx.) 

 Britt. 



There are certain species, weeds in Maine, which repre- 

 sent introductions from the Prairies or the Great Plains. 

 Such are Rudbeckia hirta L-, introduced over fifty years ago, 

 Solatium rostratum Dunal., Ambrosia trifida L., and vari- 

 ous species of Helianthus, Coreopsis and Artemisia. Espe- 

 cially noteworthy here are Ac?iida tuberculata Moq., recently 

 collected by Mr. Parlin at Canton, but common from the 

 Champlain valley westward; Erysimum parviflorum Nutt., 

 along railroads at Canton and Portland; Pe?itste?non tubi- 

 florus Nutt., established at Wells, North Berwick and Fort 

 Fairfield; P.lczvigatus Ait., of occasional occurrence through- 

 out the state during the last fifteen years; Heliopsis scabra 

 Dunal, and Helenium nudiflorum Nutt., already established 

 in parts of York County. Two tropical plants may be noted 

 here : Datura Metel L., said to be established at Manchester, 

 Maine, and Ga/insoga parvifiora Cav., var. hispida DC, a 

 pest in southern Maine, which is rapidly spreading north- 

 ward and eastward. 



It is a noteworthy fact that in many cases there are in- 

 digenous plants, closely allied to the introduced species, 



