982 



THE BOOK OF GARDENING. 



New Hawthornden, Newton Wonder, Peasgood's Nonsuch 

 (Fig. 638), Bow Hill Pippin, Potts' Seedling, Sandringham, 

 Stirling Castle, Stone's Apple, Tyler's Kernel, Warner's King, 

 Emperor Alexander, Lord Derby, and Yorkshire Beauty. 

 Dessert: Beauty of Bath, Chatley's Kernel, Cox's Orange Pippin, 

 Duchess of Gloucester, Lady Sudeley, Melon Apple, Mother 

 (American), King of the Pippins, Red Astrachan, Ribston 

 Pippin, Washington, and Worcester Pearmain. If three other 

 good Apples for dessert are wanted : Red Winter Reinette 

 (Fig. 639), the new and excellent AUington Pippin (Fig. 640), 

 and also the late-keeping Blue Pearmain (Fig. 641). 



Manuriitg. — The proper manuring of Apple-, and, in fact, all 

 other fruit-trees, is deserving of far more attention by large and 

 small growers, many trees being very inadequately fed. At the 

 same time, all manuring should be done judiciously, as it would 

 be a grave error to heavily feed trees that are healthy, but not 

 bearing a crop. A very safe policy is to manure them liberally 

 immediately after they have set a good crop of fruit. The 

 stimulant applied may be liquid from cattle-sheds or manure- 

 heaps, somewhat diluted if very powerful. Farmyard manure, put 

 on as a mulch, is also serviceable ; so are the prepared manures 

 sold almost everywhere. Market-growers, however, or others who 

 have a large quantity of trees, will find it more economical to 

 buy the ingredients separately, and mix them at home. On light 

 soils i^cwt. of muriate of potash, 4cwt. of superphosphate, and 

 icwt. of sulphate of ammonia, all mixed together, is a good dressing 

 for one acre of land planted with Apples. On heavy land 5cwt. 

 of bone-meal, or the same quantity of basic slag, is excellent, 

 inducing a sturdy growth, a fruitful habit, and large, highly- 

 coloured fruit. 



Pests. — Fruit pests are extremely numerous, and corre- 

 spondingly destructive. It therefore behoves the man who 

 would be successful either as a grower for market or even for 

 the home table to be at least acquainted with the chief symptoms 

 of attack of the pests, both Animal and Vegetable. All that is 

 aimed at here is to briefly deal with the commonest, making an 

 individual fruit, as it were, a speciality, leaving the more 

 numerous section to be described in the chapter " On Pests 

 Generally." The animal pests feed in a great variety of ways. Some 

 are easily reached through their food-plant, especially when this 

 be fohage ; but those which affect the blossoms are far more 

 difficult. Then there are some which feed in the trunks and 

 main branches ; others which lay the small shoots under con- 

 tribution, or, it may be, the buds or the bark ; while one very 

 common species is found alike on branches and roots. 



Apples are amongst the most profitable fruits grown, yet, 

 strange to say, they are beset with an extraordinarily large 

 number of enemies. Some, like the Winter Moth {Cheimatobia 



