Book I. 



LINNiEAN HORTUS BRITANNICUS. 



131 



mimber of florets in eacli spikelet ; but In Arundo this is of 

 no moment. Magnificent and valuable worlcs on this family 

 have been published in Germany by the celebrated Schreber 

 and by Dr. Host. The FL Grtuca also is rich in this depart- 

 ment, to which the late l)r. Sibthorp paid great attention. 

 Much is to be expected from scientific agriculturists; but 

 natuie so absolutely, in general, accommodates each grass to 

 its own soil and station, that nothing is more difficult than 

 to overcome their habits, insomuch that few grasses can be 

 generally cultivated at pleasure — It contains of Gra>ranc(C, 

 Trichodium, Sporobolus, *Agrostis, * Knappia, Perotis, 

 *Polyi)ogon, *Stipa, Trisetum, *Avena, *Bromus, *Fes- 

 tuca, «'rriticum, *Secale, *Hordeum, *Elymus, *LoUum, 

 Koeleria, Glyceria, *Poa, Triodia, Calamagrostis, *Arundo, 

 *Aii-a, *Melica, Echinaria, Lappago, Eleusine, Chrysurus, 

 *Cynosurus, Beckmannia, *DactyUs, Uniola, *Briza, Cyno- 

 don, *Milium, *Lagurus, *Alopecurus, *Phleum, Crypsis, 

 *Phalaris, Tozettia, Paspalum, Digitaria, *Paiucum, Ortho- 

 pogon, Pennisetum, Saccharum, RotbolUa, Michrochloa, 

 Xeersia. 50 Gen. 514 Sp. 

 3. Tri^ynia is chiefly composed of little pink-like plants, or, 

 Cai'tjojihylleir, as Holosteum — TiUma muscosa has the number 

 proper to this ordei", but the rest of the genus bears every 

 part of the fructification in fours. This, in Linnsean lan- 

 guage, is expressed by saying the flower of TUlcca is qvadri- 

 *idtis, four cleft, and T. muscosa excludes, or lays aside one 



fourth of the fructification It contains of Restiaceas, *Eri- 



ocaulon ; of Portiilaceu:, *Montia ; of Polygonea;, Koenigia ; 

 of CaryDphyllca:, *HoIosteum, *Polycarpon, MoUugo, Minu- 

 artia, ^^ueria, Lechea. 9 Gen. 12 Sp. 



Class IV. Tetrandria. Stamens 4. Orders 3. 



1. Monogijnia, A very numerous and various order, of which 

 the Proteacea: make a conspicuous part ; Plantago, remark- 

 able for its capsula circumscissa, a membranous capsule, 

 separating by a complete circular fissure into two parts, as 

 in Centnuculus, Rulna, and others of its natural order, whose 

 stipulation is remarkable, and the curious Bpimedium, are 

 found here. — It contains of Proteacea, Petrophila, Isopogon, 

 Protea, Leucospermura, Mimetes, Serruria, Nivenia, Soro- 

 cephalus, Spatalla, Persoonia, Grevillea, Hakea, Lambertia, 

 Xylomelum, Telopea, Lomatia, Rhopala, Banksia, Dry- 

 andra ; of Globvlarice, Globularia, Adina ; of Rubiacew, 

 Cephalanthus ; of DipsacecB, *Dipsacus, *Scabiosa, Itnautia ; 

 of Nyciaginem, AUionia, Opercularia, Cryptospermum ; of 

 Riihiiicece, Spermacoce. *Sherardia, *Asperula, Houstonia, 

 •Galium, Crucianella, *Rubia, Catesbaea, Ixora, Pavetta, 

 Bouvardia, Siderodendrum, Chomelia, Mitchella, Coccocyp- 

 Bilum, Manettia, Oldenlandia ; of Rufacea; Zieria ; of Soia- 



nacece, Witheringia ; of Jasmmea, Penaea ; of " . . 



Curtisia ; of Lorantliacece, Chloranthus ; of Verhenaceoe, 

 /Egiphila, Callicarpa ; of Ericece, Blaeria ; of Scroplmlarinee, 

 Buddlea, Scoparia ; of Gentianece, Exacum, Sebsea, Frasera ; 

 of Plaiitagineie, *Plantago ; of Primulacece, Centunculus ; of 

 Rosacea;, *Sanguisorba, *Alchemilla; of V^ites, Cissus; of 

 Berberides, Epimedium ; of Cuprifolice, *Comus ; of Terebin- 

 tacea, Fagara, Ptelea ; of Onagrarix, Ludwigia, Isnardia ; 

 of Salicai-iw, Ammannia ; of Hydrochandtw, *Trapa; of 

 Vrticeos, Dorstenia ; of Aroidea, Pothos ; of Blieagni, Elae- 

 agnus ; of Saixtalaceas, Santalum ; of Thymelece, Stru- 

 thiola ; of Chenopodea, Rivina, Camphorosma. 78 Gen. 

 420 Sp. 



% Digynia. It contains of Caryophylleoe, BufFonia ; of ... . 

 Hamamelis ; of Papaveracew, Hypecoum. 3 Gen. 



3. Tetragynia. It contains of Rhamni, Myginda, *Ilex, some- 

 times furnished with a few barren flowers ; of Boraginew, 

 Coldenia ; of Alismaceee, *Potamogeton ; of Naiades, *Rup- 

 pia; of Caryophyllew, *Sagina, Moenehia; of Sempervivw, 

 "Tillaea; of iincie, *Radiola. 9 Gen. 35 Sp. 



Class V. Pentandria. A very large class. Stamens 5. 

 Orders 6. 



I. Monogynia. 1 Style. One of the largest and most important 



orders of the whole system It contains of Boraginew, He- 



liotropium, *Myosotis, Lappula, *Lithospermum, Batschia, 

 Onosmodium, *Anchusa, * Cynoglossum, *Pulmonaria, 

 ♦Symphytum, Cerinthe, Onosma, *Borago, Trichodesma, 

 *Asperugo, *Lycopsis, *Echium, Toumefortici, Cordia, 

 Bourreria, Ehretia, Hydrophyllum, EUisia; Nolana ? of 

 PrimulacecE, Aretia, Androsace, *Primula, Cortusa, Solda- 

 nella, Dodecatheon, *Cyclamen, *Hottonia, *Lysimachia, 

 ♦Anagallis, *Samolus, Coris, Diapensia, Pyxidanthera ; 

 of Encece, Cyrilla, Brossaea; of Rlwdoracew , *Azalea; of 

 Epacridece, Sprengelia, Andersonia, Lysinema, Epacris, Mo- 

 notoca, Leucopogon, Stenanthera, Astroloma, Styphelia ; of 

 Plumbaginea, Plumbago ; of Convolvulaceos, *Convolvulus, 

 Calystegia, Ipomoea, Retzia ; of Bignoniacex, Coboea ; of 

 Polemuniacea;, *Polemonium, Phlox, Ipomopsis, Caldasia; 



of Buttneriaceoe, Lasiopetalum ; of Galax ; of 



of Thymeleee, Scopolia ; of Campanulaceie, Lightfootia, 

 ♦Campanula, Roella, Phyteuma, Trachelium, Jasione, 

 ♦Lobelia, Cyphia ; of Goodenovite, Goodenia, Euthales, 

 Scaevola, Darnpiera; of Ridnaceoe, Cinchona, Pinckneya, 

 Musssenda, Portlandia, Genipa, Gardenia, Oxyanthus, 

 Randia, Webera, Erithalis, Morinda, Nauclea, Cephaelis, 

 Hamellia, Rondeletia, Macrocnemum, Vanguiera, Dentella, 

 Serissa, Psychotria, Coftea, Chiococca, Paederia, Plocama ; 

 of Caprijhliw, *I/onicera, Symphoria, Diervilla, Triosteum, 

 ♦Hedera ; of Combretaceie, Conocarpus; of Santalacew, 

 Thesium ; of Nyctaginete, Mirabilis ; of Solanete, Ramonda, 

 ♦Verbascum, *I)atura, Brugmansia, *Hyoscyamus, Nico- 

 tiana, Mandragora, *Atropa, Solandra, Physalis, Nicandra, 

 Solanum, Capsicum, Cestrum, Vestia, Lycium ; of Myr- 

 »inece, Ardisia ; of Sapotem, Jacquinia, Achras, Chryso- 

 phyllum, Sideroxylon, Sersalisia, Bumelia ; of Verbenacea, 

 Tectona ; of Rhamni, Elaeodendrum, *Rhamnus, Zizyphus, 

 Celastrus, Senacia, *Euonymus, Hovenia, Ceanothus, Poma- 

 derris, Phylica ? Brunia, Staavia, Plectronia ; of Diosmea, 

 Adenandra, Barosma, Diosma, Agathosma; of Piitosporeas, 

 Calodendrum, Bursaria, Billardiera, Pittooporum, Ilea ; of 

 Melia t Cedrela, Leea ; of Terebirdaceu:, Mangifera ; of 

 Rosacea;, Hirtella ; of Cadi, *Ribes ; of Vites, Vitis ; of 

 Cucurbitacea;, Gronovia ; of Geraniw ? *Impatiens ; of Urn- 

 iKlliferw, Lagoecia; of Portulacea;, Claytonia; of Violece, 

 ♦Viola, lonidium ; of Musaccae, Heliconia, Strelitzia ; of 

 ArmrarUhacew, Gomphrena, Philoxerus, Achyranthes, Pu- 



palia, DeeringSa, Celosia, Lestibudesia, Altemanthera, ^rua, 

 lUecebrum, Paronychia, Anychia, MoUia ; of Chenopodeae, 

 Chenolea ; of Salicariw, ♦Glaux ; of Geniianeie, ♦Menyan- 

 thes, *Villarsia, Logania, Spigelia, Lisianthus, ♦Chironia, 

 Sabbatia, Erytluraea, Eustoma; of Malvaceae, Buttneria, 

 Ayenia ; of Apocynew, Strychnos, Gelsemium, Rauwolfia, 

 Carissa, Arduma, Cerbera, AUamanda, ♦Vinca, Nerium, 

 Wrightia, Echites, Ichnocarpus, Plumeria, Cameraria, Ta- 

 bemaemontana, Amsonia. 209 Gen. 1080 Sp. 



2. Digynia. 2 Styles — It contains of Apocynew, Apocynum, 

 Melodinus; Asdepiadece, Periploca, Hemidesmus, Seca-- 

 mone, Microloma, Sarcostemma, Dsemia, Cynanchum, 

 Oxystelma, Gymnema, Calotropis, Xysmalobium, Gompho- 

 caiT)us, ♦Asclepias, Gonolobus, Pergularia, Marsdenia, 

 Hoya, Stapelia, Piaranthus, Huemia, Caralluma; of Ama- 

 ranthacete, Hemiaria ; of Chenopodea;, *Chenopodium, *Beta, 

 ♦Salsola, Kochia, Anabasis, Bosea; of Ammtacea; *Ulmus ; 

 of Saxijragea;, Heuchera ; of Caryopliyllece, Velezia ; of Cen- 

 iianew, * Swertia, *Gentiana ; of Convolvulacea;, Falkia, 

 Bichondra, E volvulus, Hydrolea, *Cuscuta; of Rubiacew, 

 Phyllis ; of Aralia;, Cussonia. 



Umbellifera:. These are mostly herbaceous ; the qualities 

 of such as grow on dry ground are aromatic, while the aqua- 

 tic species are among the most deadly poisons ; according to 

 the remark of Linnajus, who detected the cause of a dreadful 

 disorder among horned cattle in Lapland, in their eating 



young leaves cf Cicuta virosa, under water It contains 



♦Eryngium, *Hydrocotyle, Spananthe, ♦Sanicula, *Astran- 

 tia, *Bupleurum, *Echinophora, Hasselquistia, *Tordylium, 

 ♦Caucalis, Artedia, Daucus, Visnaga, *Ammi, *Bunium, 

 ♦Conium, *SeUnum, *Athamanta, Peuccdanum, *Crith- 

 mum, Cachrys, ferula, Laserpitium, *Heracleum, *Ligus- 

 ticum, *Angelica, *Sium, *Sison, Bubon, ♦Cuminum, 

 ♦(Enanthe, «Phellandi-ium, *Cicuta, *jEthusa, Meum, 

 ♦Coriandrum, Myrrhis, * Scandix, Oliveria, Anthriscus, 

 ♦Chaerophyllum, *Imperatoria, Seseli, Thapsia, *Pastinaca, 

 ♦Smyrnium, ♦Anethum, ♦Carum, ♦Pimpinella, *Apium, 

 ♦iEgopodium. 93 Gen. 487 Sp. 



3. Tngynia. It contains of Terebtntaceoe, Rhus, Spathelia ; of 

 CaprtfoHa;, *Viburnum, *Sambucus; of Rhamni, Cassine, 

 Staphylea ; of Portulacea:, ♦Tamarix, Turnera, Telephium, 

 Corrigiola, Portulacaria ; oi Euphorbia;, Xylophylla; of Ca- 

 njoj^iyllea,^ Phamaceum, Drypis ; of Chenopodea;, Basella. 



4. rdragynia. It contains of Capparides f *Pai-nassia. 1 Gen. 

 3 Sp. 



5. Pentagynia. It contains of Aralia;, Aralia ; ot Plumhaginea;, 

 ♦Armeria, *Statice, a beautiful maritime genus, with a kind 

 of everlasting calyx; of Caryophyllea; f *Linum; of Cappa- 

 rides ? *Drosera ; of Portulacea; Gisekia ; of Sempervivew, 

 Larochea, Crassula, a numerous succulent genus ; of Tilia 

 ceo;, Mahernia ; of Meliucete, Commersoma ; of Rosacete, 

 ♦Sibbaldia. 11 Gen. 131 Sp. 



6. Polygynia. It contains of Ranuncidacea;, *Myosurus, a 

 remarkable instance of few stamens (though they often ex- 

 ceed five) to a multitude of pistils ; also CeratocephaluSj 

 Zanthorhiza. 3 Gen. 3 Sp. 



Class VI. Hexandna. Stamens 6. Orders 4. 



1. Monogynia. This, as usual, is the most numerous. The 

 Liliaceous family, with or without a spatha, called by Lin- 

 naeus the nobles of the vegetable kingdom, constitute its 

 most splendid ornament. The beautiful White Lily is 

 commonly chosen by popular writers to exemplify the sta- 

 mens and pistils. It contains of Pontedereoe, Pontedera 

 otMifsaceoe, Musa, Urania ; of Bromdia;, BromeUa, Pitcaimia', 

 Tillandsia, Agave, Furcrosa; of Commdinea;, Tradescantia ; 

 of Asphoddece, Eucomis, Aphyllanthes, Sowerbaea, *Allium, 

 Albuca, Xanthorrhcea, Thysanotus, Eriospermum, Gagea, 

 ♦Ornithogalum, *Scilla, Meissonia, ♦Asphodelus, *Anthe- 

 ricum, Arthropodium, Phalangium, Chlorophytum, Caesla, 

 ♦Narthecium, Dianella, Eustrephus, ♦Asparagus, Drimia, 



Uropetalon, ♦ Hyacinthus, Muscari, Lachenalia, Dracaena, 

 Phylloma, Phormium, Hypoxis, Curculigo, Cyanella ; of 

 Amaryllidea;, Haemanthus, *Galanthus, ♦Leucojura, Stru- 

 maria, Crinum, Cyrtanthus, Brunsvigia, Amaryllis, ♦Nar- 

 cissus, Pancratium, Eucrosia. Doryanthes, Gethyllis; ot 

 Hemerocallidea;, Blandfordia, AgapcUithus, ♦Hemerocallis, 

 Aletris, Tritoma, Veltheimia, Polianthes, Sanseviera, 

 Tulbagia, Brodiaea ? Aloe; of Li lice, ♦Fritillaria, ♦Lilium, 

 ♦Tulipa, Alstroemeria, Gloriosa, Yucca, Erythronium, 

 Uvularia ; of Melanthacece, Bulbocodium ; of Bromdiacete, 

 Buonapartea ; of Berberidew, Diphylleia, Nandina ; of Smila- 

 cew, Streptopus, ♦Convallaria, Smilacina, ♦Polygonatum, 

 Ophiopogon ; of Hannodoi-acea;, Lophiola, Lanaria, Anigo- 

 zanthos ; of Berberidex, Leontice, Caulophyllum, ♦Berberis ; 

 of Aroidea;, ♦Acorus, Orontium, Tupistra, Peliosanthes ; 

 Tacca ? of Palma; Corypha, Licuala, Thrinax, Calamus ; of 

 J?()icca?, ♦Juncus, ♦Luzula ; of /i/«jmnj, Prinos ; of Rubiacew, 

 Hillia, Richardia ; of Campanvlacew, Canarina ; of Caryo- 

 pliyllew, Frankenia; of Salicariw, ♦Peplis; of Graminew, 

 Bambusa, Ehrharta. 106 Gen. 730 Sp. 



2. Digynia has but few genera. — It contains of Graminew, 

 Oryza, the Rice, of which there now seems to be more than 

 one species ; of Convoloulaccw, Falkia ; of Polygonew, Atra- 

 phaxis. 3 Gen. 4 Sp. 



3. Trigynia. It contains of Polygonew, ♦Rumex ; of Juncew ? 

 Flageilaria ; of Alismacew, ♦Scheuchzeria, ♦Triglochin ; of 

 Mclanthaccw, ♦Tofieldia, Melanthium, ♦Colchicum, Helo- 

 nias, Nolina ; of Srnilacew f Myrsiphyllum, Medeola, Tril- 

 lium ; of Naiades, Aponogeton ; ot Palmw, Sabal. 14 Gen. 

 175 Sp. 



4. Polygynia. It contains of Menispermew, AVendlandia; of 

 Hydro'cliaridew, Damosonium ; of Alismacew, ♦Actinocarpus, 

 ♦Alisma. 4 Gen. 9 Sp. 



Ci,Ass VII. Hepiandria. Stamens 7. Orders 4. 



1. Monogynia. It contains of Primulacew, ♦Trientalis ; of 

 Pcdicul'ares, Disandra ; of Nydaginew, Pisonia ; of Chenopodew, 



♦Pctiveria; of Accrw, ^sculus; of Jonesia; of 



Aroidea, Dracontium, Calla. 8 Gen. 21 Sp. 



2. Digynia. It contains of Portulacew, Limeum. 1 Gen. 1 Sp- 



3. Tdragynia. It contains of Naiades, ♦Saururus. 1 Gen. 



i}mptagynia. It contains of Sempervivw, Septas. 1 Geo- 

 3 Sp. 



K 2 



