Book III. 



CULTURE OF A TREE-NURSERY. 



979 



hurdles, or otlier means, from the mid-day sun. The distance is the same as for haws ; 

 they should be rolled, or beat in, and covered not more tlian half an inch. If previously 

 rotted for two years, they will all come up the following May ; but if only one year in 

 the rotting-bed, a part will not come up till the sec6nd year : in this case they should be 

 sown thinj as tlie growing plants will impede the others in breaking through the soil. 

 Mountain ash seeds require a fine and rather rich soil ; tlie seeds sliould not lie nearer 

 than an inch, and the covering should be only a quarter of an inch. The gean should 

 be sown, as soon as gathered, in deep sandy loam, the pulp being previously bruised ; it 

 need not be very rich, but must be dug deep before sowing : place tlie seeds an inch 

 apart, and cover three quarters of an inch thick. Gean-stones, which have been preserved 

 in the rotting-ground for spring sowing, will not come up regularly the summer follow- 

 ing, but a part will lie till the second spring. The advantage of sowing as soon as ga- 

 thered, is therefore obvious. Great care should be taken not to sow the cherry for the 

 gean, as the fornier is not nearly so well calculated for a timber-tree. Tlie seeds of tlie 

 common and Portugal laurel, laurel-bay, mezereon, spurge-laurel, phillyrea, and the 

 like, should be sown as soon as gathered, in rich soft soil, on a dry bottom : the seeds 

 should be an inch apart, and be covered an inch. During the severest weather of win- 

 ter, it will be advisable to protect them by hoops and mats. The seeds of the service, 

 buckthorn, bird-cherry, and other species of prunus, rhamnus, and mespilus, may be 

 treated like those of the laurel, but will not at all require so deep a covering, nor will any 

 of them require protection in winter. 



7014. Trmisplanling. What has been advanced on transplanting plants from nuts, 

 keys, &c. will apply here. Most of these species being smaller, will not require so great 

 distances between the rows and plants. All the deciduous sorts may be transplanted in 

 February or early in March ; and all the evergreen species from the middle of April to 

 tlie middle of May, and during the month of August. The greatest, care will be requi- 

 site in lifting evergreens from the seed-bed, where they have been already once moved, 

 so as not to injure their fibres ; and on no account should more be taken up at a time 

 than Avhat can be planted the same day. Select for them the soils most suitaiile to their 

 natures (6974.), as far as tlie limits of the nursery will permit; and in general, rather 

 prefer a shady situation, especially for the holly, yew, and all the laurels. Hollies hav- 

 ing few fibrous roots should be frequently transplanted ; but this is not necessary with the 

 yew, which has fibres in greater quantity. In transplanting the deciduous sorts, prefer 

 narrow spaces between the lines, and wider intervals in the rows, to wide rows, and 

 plants crowded in the row. One year's seedling thorns, for instance, to be nursed one 

 year, may stand nine or ten inches by two inches ; if for two years, twelve or fourteen 

 inches by three or three and a half inches. 



7015. For pruning, culture, and lifting for Jincd j'^^nting, see nut-bearing trees, &c. 

 (7004.) 



Sect. IV. Trees and Shrubs bearing Berries and Cajysules ivith small Seeds. 



7016. The principal hardy berry and capsule bearing trees are the following : — 



Tilia europaea, November 

 Pjrus communis, October 

 — malus, October. 



Shrubs. 



Berberis vulgaris, September 

 Buxus serapervirens, September 



Comus maiscula, October 



— virginiana, October 

 Sambucus nigra, September 



— racemosa, September 



— canadensis, September 

 Lonicera, various species, August 

 Jasminuin fruticans, October 



Ligustrum \'ulgai"e, October 

 Euonymus latiifolius, November 



— europseus, November 

 Viburnum lantana, September 



— opulus, October 

 Ribes gtossularioides, September. 



7017. Gathering and keeping. As this class of seeds are only wanted in small quan- 

 tities, the most convenient way of preser\'ing them is in the seed-loft or root-cellar in dry 

 sand. They should be frequently turned over to separate the seeds from the pulp and 

 husks, and cleaned by sifting and fanning early in February. For sending to a distance, 

 they are to be treated like berried stones ; or they may be separated and cleaned previ- 

 ously to deportation. 



7018. Soiling. All of them require a soft and rather moist soil, with the exception of 

 the box, which should have a soil rather sandy and dry. They may be sown in Febru- 

 ary, in beds, and covered not more than a quarter of an inch ; and when the seeds first 

 4jegin to vegetate, it will be an advantage to shade them from the sun, by wattled hur- 

 dles ; place them across beds which lie north and south, and along those lying in a di- 

 rection east and west. 



7019. Their tranqilanting aad future cidture are the same as for the foreign division. 



Sect. V. Trees and Shrubs bearing leguminous Seeds, their Solving and Bearing. 



7020. The j)rincipal hardy leguminous trees are as follow : — 



Cytisiis alpinus, October 



■ Kobinia pseud-acacis, November. 



' • Shrubs. 

 Robinia caragana, November 



Colutea arborescens, October j Cytisus nigricans, Rejitember 

 — cruenta, October I — sessilifolius, October 

 _ pocockii, November I — austriacus, September 

 media, October I — tomentosus, September 



Coronilla emerus, October | — laburnum, Octolier. 



7021, Gatherijig and keeping. These being collected are to be dried tlioroughly in aH 



3 R 2 



