KALENDARIAL INDEX, 



1153 



and NovembeT (6554.) Evergreens, the hardiest 

 sorts at the beghiniiig, and the less so at the end of 

 the months (6572.) 



Prune such deciduous shrubs as you have ne- 

 glected last month ; evergreens from the middle to 

 the end of the montli. (6884.) 



Form and repair lawns, by procuring and laying 

 turf, and bv sowing grass-seeds. Where it is de- 

 sired to destroy moss on extensive lawns, fold sheep 

 till it be trod down and killed by pressure and ma- 

 nure ; on small lawns, roll. In shady, damp situ- 

 ations, however, moss makes a better lawn than 

 grass, and it should be encouraged by forming the 

 surface of lawns of bog earth in all situations where 

 grasses do not thrive, as in towns, under close 

 trees, &c. Mow established lawns twice a-month ; 

 attend to gravel and margins. (6191.) 



9. Trees. — Nursery department. 



Fruit-trees. (4361.) Finish sowing kernels for 

 stocks, or new varieties. Plant cuttings of the vine, 

 fig, gooseberry, ami currant, if it has been unavoid- 

 ably delayed till this unfavorable season. Graft 

 "the pear, plum, and apple. (2013.) Attend to newly 

 grafted trees, and repair cracks in the clay, or renew 

 such balls as may have dropped off ; eradicate all 

 suckers, and pinch off shoots that protrude below 

 the grafts. 



Ornamental trees and shr ubs. Finish sowing de- 

 ciduous sorts, as early as possible. Sow cedars, cy- 

 presses, and other ornamental evergreens about the 

 end of the month. Sow in pots or boxes, or in shady 

 borders of soft peat earth. Transplant evergreens. 

 (6982. to 7037.) 



Forest trees. Finish sowing common tree-seeds. 



and commence with the resinous tribe, thelarclies, 

 firs, and pines ; the cypresses, arbor-vitses, &c. 

 Finish planting deciduous trees in nursery rows, as 

 early as possible. (7007.) Evergreens may be trans- 

 planted during the month. Kiln-dry the cones of 

 the cedar and fir tribe, but not of the pine tribe : and 

 get the seeds out in time for sowing the end of this 

 month or beginning of next. (6984.) 



10. Trees. — Permanent plantations and 

 park-scenery. 



Sow for forests and woods, and all sorts of profit- 

 able plantations in masses. Observe it is rather late 

 for nuts, berries, and keys, but this is the proi)er 

 season for small seeds. (7016.) 



Plant evergreen trees, as pine, fir, cedar of Le- 

 banon, holly, and yew during the month ; but finish 

 planting deciduous sorts as early as possible. (7007.) 

 Wherever the plants are to be, or have been long 

 out of ground, take good care to dry up their roots, 

 by exposing them as much as you can to the sun 

 and air ; do not be nice in planting. 



Routine culture. Begin to hoe and clean the 

 ground in plantations, which have been made on 

 prepared ground. Crop the ground in newly made 

 plantations, where cropping is intended. 



Operations on ground or rocks may now be pro- 

 secuted with vigor. This is also one of the best 

 months for building. Road-making, draining, fenc- 

 ing, &c. are advantageously performed during this 

 and the two preceding months. But improvements 

 can neither be well designed nor executed after the 

 trees are covered with leaves, and the ground's sur- 

 face and qualities disguised by luxuriant herbaceous 

 vegetation. 



MAY. 



Weather 

 at 



Average of 

 the Ther- 

 mometei. 



Greatest' 

 Variation 

 from the 

 Average. 



Average 

 of the 

 Barometer. 



Quantity 

 of Rain. 



REMARKS. 



Vegetation now goes on with great vigor, though there are 

 often very cold and even frosty nights, which materially 

 injure exotics, natives of the warmer climates, such as 

 the potatoe, dahlia, kidneybean, &c. TJie human ani- 

 mal, in common with most others indigenous to our cli- 

 mate, is generally in high spirits and vigor during this 

 month. Woe to the young gardenfer who exhausts his 

 spirits in any other way than in self-improvement. 



London - 

 Edinburgh 

 Dublin - 



56 61 

 50 4 

 52 193 



2 5 



30 02 

 29 585 

 .30 061 



0- 794 inch. 

 1.945 



1- 812 



1 . Kalendar of animated nature round 

 London. 



In the first week : the titlark (Alaiida pratensis) 

 sings; the cuckoo {Cuculus canorus) is heard; the 

 gudgeon {Cyprinus gobio) spawns; the redstart 

 {Motacilla phoenicurus), swift {Hirundo apus), white- 

 throat {Motacilla sylvia), and stinging-fly (Conops 

 calcitrans) appear. 



Second week : the turtle-dove {Columba turtur) 

 coos; the red ant {Formica rubra), the laughing 

 wren {Motacilla curucca), the common flesh-fly 

 {Musca vomitoria), the lady-cow {Coccinella bipunc- 

 tata), grasshopper-lark {Alauda locustce voces), and 

 willow- wren {Motacilla salicaria) appear. 



Third week : the blue flesh-fly {Musca vomitoria, 

 vor.) appears; black snails {Helix rdgra) abound; and 

 the large bat appears. 



Fourth week .- the great white cabbage-butterfly 

 {Papilio brassica) and dragon-fly {lAbellula 'i-macu- 

 lata) appear ; the glow-worm shines ; and the fern- 

 owl, or goat-sucker {Caprimulgus europceus), re- 

 turns. 



2. Kalendar of vegetable nature round 

 London. 



In the first week .- geum urbanum, artemisia cam- 

 pestris, lily of the valley {Convallaria 7najalis), 

 water-violet {Hottonia palustris), tulip-tree {Lilio- 

 dendron tulipifera), and numerous other plants, in 

 flower. 



Second week : the oak, ash, sweet chestnut {Fagus 

 castanea), hawthorn {MeSpilus oxyacantha), the 

 common maple {Acer campestre), horse-chestnut 

 {JEsculus Mppocastanmn), barberry {Berberis vul- 

 garis), and the ajuga reptans in flower. 



Third week : the water scorpion-grass, or forget- 

 me-not {Myosotis scorpioides), lime.tree {Tilia), 

 milk-wort (Polygala vulgaris), nightshade {Atropa 

 belladonna), and various American shrubs, in flower; 

 and rye {Secale hybernum) in ear. 



Fourth week : oaks, ashes, and beeches now ge- 

 nerally in leaf, and the mulberry {Morus nigra) be- 

 ginning to open its buds; the cinnamon-rose and 



some other hardy roses in flower; and also the 

 bramble {Rubus fruticosus), moneywort {Lysimachia 

 nummularia), columbine {Aquilegia vulgaris), and 

 various other trees and shrubs, in blossom. 



Kitchen- Garden. — Culinary vegetables. 

 Sow hardy aromatic herbs, if not done last month. 

 Small salads four times in the month for a complete 

 succession. Radishes and lettuce thrice. (3760. and 

 3970.) Peas and beans once a-week. (3601.) Spinage 

 once a-fortnight. (3771.) Carrots, for late drawing, 

 twice in the month. (3718.) Borecole, in the first 

 week, for a second main crop. (3529.) Dwarf kidney, 

 beans, in the first week, for a full crop in July ; in 

 the last fortnight, for crops in August and Septem- 

 ber. (3633.) Borecole and Brussels sprouts for the 

 last crop, and German greens to come in for spring. 

 Savoys for the last crop. (3519.) Onions for draw- 

 ing, young leeks to be late transplanted, cauliflowers 

 in the second and third weeks for a Michaelmas 

 crop. (3542.) The less hardy aromatic herbs, and 

 pumpkins, the last fortnight. (4207.) Cucumbers 

 for picklers on a dry warm border, in the last week. 

 (4876.) 



Protection. Continue this, nightly, for kidney, 

 beans and tender plants transplanted from hot-beds. 



(2206.) 



Propagate by bulbs and dried roots. If abund- 

 ance of potatoes have not been planted, effect this 

 as early as possible ; in late situations they may be 

 planted till the middle of June. (3676.) 



P/«wif slips and offsets. 



Transplant the brassica tribe, lettuce, celery, ra- 

 dishes, and other plants for seed. (2079.) 



Routine culture. Stick peas, top early crops of 

 beans, and also of peas ; earth up cabbages, beans, 

 peas, jiotatoes, &c. Thin, weed, hoe, and stir the 

 surface among seedling crops. Water in dry wea- 

 ther, support stems, pinch off' all decayed leaves, &c. 



Destroy insects and vermin. (2280.) 



4. Hardy fruit department. 



Plant strawberries, if it has not been done last 

 month. (4717.) 



E 



