THE KITCHEN GARDEN. 



313 



out of Cucumter - houses. Remove the soil, and 

 thoroughly cleanse the structure, washing and white- 

 washing as necessary. Then re-lay the drainage 

 hase ; cart in new soil, consisting of decomposed 

 turfy loam and thoroughly decomposed and sweetened 

 manure. Re-plant with the young Cucumber plants, 

 as prepared on former suggestions. Cucumbers so 

 planted now should be grown on robustly with a 

 liberal supply of air and moisture, to insure a good 

 basis for the ultimate winter cropping. Late Cucum- 

 bers in frames will require periodical manipulation, 

 or picking and cutting over, watering, &c., on the 

 principle previously explained. During the month 

 it will be needful also to renovate the linings. Re- 

 move the old, add fresh stable litter, well moisten- 

 ing with clear water such parts as are dry, shaking 

 both old and new materials well up together in 

 the process of renewing such linings. By doing 

 half the linings at one time, and the other half sub- 

 sequently, heat will be gradually increased. 



October. 



The work of harvesting crops delayed from last 

 month should be pushed rapidly along. Sharp 

 frosts occasionally occur early in the month, even 

 though immunity from such occurs for some weeks 

 subsequently. In like manner transplantings of all 

 kinds from seed-beds must be hurried forward, and 

 completed. Successional plantations from succession- 

 ally sown Lettuce, Endive, Cabbage, and other beds, 

 made in due manner, will prove an admirable safe- 

 guard against the exigencies of winter. Invariably 

 a percentage of all such young seedling plants are 

 lost, and it is often only by making successional 

 sowings that the progeny in some shape or other is 

 conserved in ample numbers for the demand. Thus, 

 early-sown seedlings give early and good results 

 following mild winters ; whilst, on the other hand, 

 a severe winter often destroys such forward crops ; 

 when happily foresight and provision, in the shape 

 of late sowings, steps in to fill up the gap. 



Clear away the surface old growths from Aspa- 

 ragus, Sea-kale, Rhubarb, Artichokes, &c. Manure 

 each, after having well hoed between the stools if 

 necessary, and fork up the soil between them later 

 on. A little soil may be taken out of the alleys 

 between Asparagus and laid over the dressing of 

 manure placed upon them. This will tend to make 

 the trenches somewhat lower, and to give better 

 drainage to the beds during seasons of heavy rain. 

 New plantations of Rhubarb and Horse-radish may 

 be made during the month. 



Early in the month collect the necessary materials 

 for indoor or winter-bearing Mushroom-beds. As it 

 is always desirable to procure such materials as are 

 dry, it will be well to shake them out of existing 



fresh stable manure repositories, that have lain dry, 

 and during a dry period. Mushroom -houses should 

 be thoroughly cleansed, whitewashed, &c., and the 

 flues or heating medium in connection placed in good 

 order, in preparation. 



Finish earthing up all Celery, The earliest, or such 

 as is to come into use next in succession, should, be- 

 sides being earthed up to the necessary extent, have 

 the soil at the apices of the mounds drawn tightly 

 together around the tops of the leaves in such manner 

 as to exclude the air. By this means alone is good 

 blanched Celery secured. Later crops are best left 

 open at this time, as it is better not to unduly blanch 

 the whole growth too long a time before required 

 for use. 



Remove all old crops from the ground. Bum all 

 accumulation of such and other rubbish. Turn over 

 manure-heaps, carting on to vacant spaces such mate- 

 rials as are ready for transferring to the ground, and 

 as early as possible dig up all vacant ground, placing 

 the soil in ridges for the freer ingress of frosts, &c., 

 which proves so beneficial to all cultivated soils, 

 those of old gardens more especially. 



At this season sundry dead or deca^'ing leaves 

 exist upon plantations of Brussels Sprouts, Broccoli, 

 &c., which it will be desirable to remove. By so 

 doing the plantations receive more fresh air, and are 

 kept drier during the winter season, facts which 

 conduce to improved prolificacy. Remove unripe 

 Tomatoes from the open ground on to a dry shelf, 

 where they will ripen indue season. 



Plant Cauliflower plants into frames, or under 

 hand-glasses. Do this moderately thickly, in such 

 manner that they can be wintered therein, and be 

 eventually thinned out or transplanted wholly on to 

 rich ground next spring. 



Strong-grown Broccoli, especially such as exists 

 upon cold, stiff, and low-lying grounds, you must 

 "lay" with their heads towards the notth. This 



heeling over " is readily performed by a handy 

 man, with very little injury to the roots. 



Give another hoeing amongst all young crops, 

 drawing the soil up around such as need it ; thinning 

 out late Spinach, Turnips, &c. ; and give the neces- 

 sary attention to walks in the matter of sweeping, 

 rolling, &:c. If at this season the fallen tree- 

 leaves, and, so to speak, the debris from Nature's 

 autumn, be not kept constantly swept up and cleared 

 away, the walks will quickly become so foul as to 

 require double the amount of work thus originally 

 required, to bring them back into comfortable or 

 presentable appearance and usefulness. 



November. 



Speculative sowings of Peas may be made during 

 the month, and as near to the tenth as may be con- 



