352 



CASSELL'S POPULAR GARDENING. 



Growth of Mangel Wurzel Year after Year upon the 

 same Land. Tmrs, 1881-84. Average Fro- 



duce per Acre per Annum. 













Increase over 



Description of Manure. 



Bulbs. 



Leaves. 



Unmauured. 













Bulbs. 



Leaves. 





CO 



i=l 







to 



M to 

 !=l "S 



m 



a 



m 





O 



% 



o 





O S 



o 









O 



H 



O 



EH O 





o 



^■»'■ithout Manure . 



\ 



17 







18 









Superi)hospliateof Lime ) 

 alone . . . . ) 





7 







17 



10 











Mixed Mineral Manure. 



5 



16 



1 







19 







2 



Ammonium Salts alone 



6 







2 



18 



1 3 



2 







Nitrate of Sodium, alone 



12 



18 



2 



19 



8 1 



2 



1 



ix. Min. Manure and ) 

 Ammonium Salts . / 



16 



2 



2 



17 



11 5 



1 



19 



Mix. Min. Manure and ) 

 Nitrate of Sodium . )" 



17 



14 



3 



7 



12 17 



2 



19 



Farmyard Manure. 



16 



15 



2 



14 



11 26 



1 



26 



In reference to the foregoing* results upon two 

 members of the so-called root-crop family, we observe 

 a remarkable difference in the effect produced upon 

 their development, by one and the same manure, 

 when applied year after year to the same land. 



Also, that the same quantity of manure yields a 



much larger return of Mangel Wurzel, a plant 

 which belongs to the botanical order Chenopodiacece, 

 than of Swedish Turnips, which belong to the order 

 Criiciferce. Further, the unmaniu-ed plot, even 

 after exhaustion by the previous growth of fifteen 

 crops of Swedes and five crops of Sugar Beet (the 

 results of the latter are not given here), produces a 

 weight of Mangel bulbs eight times as large as of 

 Swedish Turnips. 



Purely nitrogenous manures, while they are seen 

 to have but little influence upon the growth of 

 Swedes, show a very marked effect upon Mangel 

 Wurzel, which is particularly observable when 

 nitrate of sodium is used. These salts when applied 

 in combination with mixed minerals — viz., sulphates 

 of potash, soda, and magnesia, and superphosphate 

 of lime, which do not supply an atom of organic 

 matter to the soil — yield of Swedes about a ton per 

 acre per annum less than the annual dressing of 14 

 tons of faimyard dung. While the yield of Mangel 

 AVurzel, under precisely the same conditions, exceeds 

 that of the dunged plot by one ton of bulbs in the 

 case of minerals and ammonium salts, and 4| tons 

 by mixed minerals and nitrate of sodium. 



Effect of Manures on Potatoes. 



Groivth of Potatoes Year after Year on the same Land at Eothamsted. Four Seasons, 1876-1879. 

 Variety — " The Rock.''' Average Froduce per Acre per Annum. 



Description of Manure. 



Tubers. \ 



Increase over the 

 Unmanured. 



Good. 



Small. 



Diseased. 



Total. 1 



Good. 



Total. 



Without Manure 



Nitrate of Sodium, alone . . . , . 

 Supevpliosi^hate of Lime, alone 



Farmyard Manure and Superphosphate . 

 Farmyard Manure, Superjihosphate, and ) 



Mixed Mineral Manure and Ammonium Salts 

 Mixed Mineral Manure and Nitrate of Sodium 



Tons. Cwts. 



2 4 ■ 



2 U 



3 2 



2 181 



3 3f 



3 16 



4 5i 



5 9 



5 14 

 5 19 



Cwts. 



6i 

 6| 

 6 



81 

 6J 

 8 

 81 



7i 



8f 

 8 



Cwts. 



2| 



4i 



6* 



5 



54 



7 



84 



19 



151 

 181 



Tons. Cwts.' 



2 13 1 



2 18^ 1 



3 141 

 3 12 



3 15i 



4 11 j 



5 21 j 



6 15i 



6 18 j 



7 51 



Tons. Cwts. 



31 

 18 

 141 



191 



1 12 



2 1\ 



3 5 



3 10 

 3 15 



Tons. Cwts. 



5i 



1 1* 



19' 



1 2i 



1 18 



2 9i 



4 2* 



4 5 

 4 12i 



Average Froduce per Acre per Annum. {Second Series.) Three Seasons, 1880-1882. Variety — " Scotch Champion.'^ 



Description of Manure. 



Tubers. 



Increase over the 

 Unmanured. 



Good. 



Small. 



Diseased. 



Total. 



Good. 



Total. 





Tons. 



Cwts. 



Cwts. 



Cwts. 



Tons. 



Cwts. 



Tons 



. Cwts. 



Tons. 



Cwts. 





1 



9 



44 



04 



1 



l^ 











Ammonium Salts, alone 



1 



11 



5f 



04 



1 



17 







2 







41 





1 



IQh 



5i 



01 



2 



24 













8| 



Superphosphate of Lime, alone 



4 



9* 



4 



If 



4 



154 



3 





3 



If 





4 



9| 



3f 



li 

 3 



4 



15 



3 



11 



3 



l-^r 





5 



71 



4 



5 



141 



3 



I8i 



4 





Farmyard Manure and Superphosphate . 



5 



164 





54 



6 



6 



4 



74 



4 



121 



Farmyard Manure, Superijhosphate, and \ 

 Nitrate of Sodium ) 



5 



194 





101 



6 



141 



I 4 



104 



5 



11 



Mixed Mineral Manure and Ammonium Salts 



8 



Of 



'A 



8f 

 9 



8 



13f 



6 



llf 



7 



04 



Mixed Mineral Manure and Nitrate of Sodium 



7 



101 



4i 



8 



^ 



6 



li 



6 



11 



ill 



