part of it just below the bottom of the circle. You 

 will probably find after doing this that the wood 

 is discolored, and if it is, keep on cutting it back 

 a little at a time until you come to healthy growth. 

 You will know the healthy wood for its pith is 

 whitish and not discolored (brownish) . The reason 

 for doing this, is, that if you do not do so the 

 shoot having the " brown circle " around it will 

 in a short time die back to the circle. Also notice 

 if the bushes are open in the centers, if there are 

 any canes that cross and if they have been pruned 

 to a fine, bushy broadness to keep them young 

 and vigorous. See that the "budding" of the stock 

 is at least two inches below the soil, and if it is 

 not, and the " bud " is out of the ground and 

 above the level then you will know that they 

 should have been replanted in the Spring while 

 still dormant. No, do not replant them now, but 

 you can have extra soil added now, and in the 

 Autumn they can be taken up when it will be wise 

 to snip off a bit of the roots, cut down a third 

 of the tops, then replant them firmly and solidly. 



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