THE RASPBERRY VARIETIES. 



887 



is propagated by layering tlie brandies. When the crop 

 is gathered, cut away all the wood, and leave but five of 

 the new canes. Manure the ground, in autumn, with a 

 coat of swamp muck or leaf mould, which dig in. In the 

 spring cut off from six to twelve inches of the young shoots 

 as the extremities are feeble and worthless. Mulch in 

 April, directly after a good rain, with leaves, pine straw, or 

 litter. By cutting off the canes near the ground in the 

 spring, later fruit may be obtained. A plantation will con- 

 tinue in bearing five or six years. The fruit is better 

 where the canes are neatly tied to rods or low espalier rails. 



Varieties. — The American Black, and a variety known 

 as the English, succeed finely here. Mr. Affleck, of Miss., 

 finds the Yellow Magnum Bonum productive and deli- 

 cious. We describe those most worthy of trial ; but, so . 

 far, the black is worth all the others. 



Antwerjp Red. — Large, conical ; dull red ; flesh firm, 

 rich, juicy, sweet, and high-flavored; canes moderately 

 strong and pale brown ; leaves, large. 



Antwerp Yellow. — Large, nearly conical; pale "yellow; 

 sweet and excellent ; canes strong and vigorous ; light 

 yellow, and spinous ; bears a long time, 



American Black {Rulus occidentalis ). — Small, flattened ; 

 black, or dark purple, with a whitish bloom ; later, and 

 more acid than the preceding ; the well-known Thimble- 

 berry, succeeds well here. From its rich, acid flavor, it 

 is the best variety for cooking, as in tarts, pies, puddings, 

 &c. It is much improved by pruning and culture, and 

 should be set at wider distances than the other varieties, 

 because it grows more rampant. Ohio Ever-bearing is a 

 variety of this, but bears through the season. 



Franconia. — Fruit large, obtuse,, conical, daik purplish 

 red ; of rich, brisk acid flavor ; canes strong, spreading^ 

 branching, yellowish brown, with scattered stout spines ; 



