170 



CASSELL'S POPULAE GAEDEXING. 



month of August, thin the seedling plants out some- 

 what, permit them to remain in the seed-bei until 

 the month of March, and transplant in rows. 



Sow seeds also in the month of March, and trans- 

 plant into deep, stiff ground, as early as.,. the plants 

 become large enough so to do. 



The produce is always more crisp and appreciated 

 after it has undergone frosts ; though, as this often 

 spoils appearance, they are despatched to the London 

 markets before they are likely to experience any. 

 Dwarf, highly-coloured selections exist, and should 

 be sought .for, in seed 

 form or as young plants. 



Cabbage, Savoy 



{Brassica, var. Sabauda 

 bullata). French, Cliou 

 pomme frise. — This, the 

 Blistered-leaved " Cab- 

 bage, from which is sup- 

 posed to have originated 

 the Brussels Sprouts, 

 possessing as both do a 

 kindred flavour, is essen- 

 tially a winter vegetable. 

 Formerly it was grown 

 in large form, to which 

 was given the name of 

 Drumhead, Now, how- 

 ever, dwarfer selections 

 gain* precedence. It is 

 noteworthy, as one of an 

 extensive family, that to 

 grow it well, very gene- 

 rous treatment must be 

 given and maintained ; 

 without which it is likely 

 to prove a poor crop, and 

 more subject to finger- 

 and-toe, or club-root, and 



the attacks of aphis pests, mildew, &c., to which 

 the whole are more or less liable. Seeds should 

 be sown during the months of April and May, 

 not too thickly, upon well-enriched soil. The site 

 whereon they are to be planted permanently must 

 be open, and exposed to the full air and sun. 

 Unless the soil be deep and in excellent heart, trench- 

 ing to a depth as nearly approaching four feet as 

 possible is desirable, adding in the process manure 

 with liberality. 



Transplant the seedling plants, as soon as large 

 enough, during showery dull weather, watering 

 them if necessary. The earliest plants require a 

 space of two feet to two and a half apart all ways, 

 when the larger type is grown, one foot and 

 three-quarters being enough for the dwarfer kinds. 



Cabdoon (Tours 



For early autumn those which approach the green 

 form are best, solid-hearting white next ; the 

 Drumhead type are best for midwinter. These 

 latter are not so good, however, until they have 

 been subjected to frost. Deep hoeing and mould- 

 ing up is beneficial, and this should be done two 

 or three times during the earlier stages of summer 

 growth. 



The most popular varieties of this Cabbage are 

 Drumhead, Dwarf Green (curled). Universal, Early 

 Dwarf Ulm, and Boemenihal, or Yellow. 



Cardoon, or Char- 

 doon {Cynara Cardun- 

 culus). French, Cardon ; 

 German, Kardon ; Span- 

 ish, Cardo Eortense. — ^A 

 perennial plant intro- 

 duced from Candia, not 

 unlike the Globe Arti- 

 choke in appearance, the 

 midrib of the leaf, &c., 

 being used for stewing, 

 salads, and soups. Though 

 of considerable repute on 

 the Continent, it is not 

 often cultivated in this 

 country. A deep sandy 

 soil, moderately manured, 

 suits it best. Sow seeds 

 on a warm border about 

 the middle of April. So 

 soon as the plants are 

 well above ground, thin 

 them out to about four 

 inches apart. Prepare 

 the permanent space for 

 them either so as to plant 

 them singly four feet 

 apart, or in rows similar 

 to Celery. Make a trench 

 for the latter, and lower the soil where each plant is 

 to go ; in connection with the former method choose 

 a rainy period during which to transplant them, 

 taking each up carefully so as not to injure the 

 roots, and reduce the leaf surface by cutting off a 

 portion of the point evenly. Well water them in 

 after planting. Between the months of August and 

 October inclusive, the plants will have grown 

 greatly, especially if aided by occasional copious 

 waterings, when hay-bands should be used to tie the 

 whole of the leaves up tightly together, similar to 

 Celery when blanched. Then earth them up all 

 around deeply and well, excluding the air from 

 entering amongst the leaves at the apices, adding 

 more soil as needed, whilst active growth con- 

 tinues. 



