FOR VICTORIAN INDUSTRIAL CULTURE. 



51 



Cinchona Calisaya, Ruk.* 



Yellow Peru Bark tree. Andes of Peru and Bolivia, 5000 to 

 6000 feet above the ocean. This tree attains a height of 40 

 feet. It yields the Yellow Bark, and also part of the Crown- 

 Bark. It is one of the richest yielders of Quinin, and produces 

 besides Cinchonidin. 



Cincliona micrantha, Ruiz and Pa von. 



Cordilleras of Bolivia and Peru. This tree attains a height 

 of 60 feet, and froru it part of the Grej and Huanuco Bark 

 as well as Lima Bark are obtained. It is com2)aratively rich 

 in Cinchonin and Quinidin, contains however also Quinin. 



Cinchona nitida, Ruiz and Pavon. 



Andes of Peru and Ecuador. This tree rises to 80 feet under 

 favoui-able circumstances. It also yields G-rej Bark and 

 Huanuco Bark, besides Loxa Bark. It will probably prove 

 one of the hardiest species. It contains predominantly Cin- 

 chonin and Quinidin. 



Cinchona officinalis Linne (partly).* [Cincliona Conda- 

 minea, Humboldt). 

 Andes of New Grenada and Peru, at a height of 6000 to 

 10,000 feet. Yields Crown or Brown Peru Bark, besides 

 part of Loxa Bark. Comparatively rich in Quinin and 

 Cinchonidin. The temperature of the middle regions of the 

 Andes, where this tree grows, is almost the same as that of 

 the Canary Islands. Superabundance of moisture is particu- 

 larly to this species pernicious. The Crispilla variety endui^es 

 a temperature occasionally as low as 27° F. 



Cinchona lancifolia (Mutis) is considered by "Weddell a 

 variety of C. officinalis. This grows on places where the 

 mean annual temperature is that of Rome, with however 

 less extremes of heat and cold. It yields part of the Pitaya 

 Bark. 



Cinchona Pitayensis must also be referred to C. officinalis 

 as a variety. This attains a height of 60 feet and furnishes 

 also a portion of the Pitaya Bark. It is this particular Cin- 

 chona, which in Upper India yielded in some instances the 

 unprecedented quantity of 1 1 per cent, alkaloids, nearly 6 per 

 cent. Quinin, the rest Quinidin and Cinchonin. 



In Java some of the best results were obtained with Cin- 

 chona Hasskar liana Miq., a species seemingly as yet not 

 critically identified. 



Cinchona succirubra, Pavon.* 



Middle andine regions of Peru and Ecuador. A tree attain- 

 ing a height of 40 feet^ yielding the red Peru Bark, rich in 



