FOR VICTORIAN INDUSTRIAL CULTURE. , 53 



Cinna arundinacea, Linne. 



North America. There recorded as a good fodder-grass ; 

 perennial, somewhat sweet-scented. Blyttia suaveolens 

 (Fries) is, according to Dr. Asa Gray, a variety with 

 pendant flowers. 

 Cinnamomum Camphora, ISTees.* 



The Camphor-tree of China and Japan, attaining a height of 

 about 40 feet. It endures the occasional frosts of Port 

 Phillip, though the foliage will suffer. The wood, like all 

 other parts of the tree, is pervaded by camphor, hence resists 

 the attacks of insects. 



Cistus creticus, Linne. 



Countries at the Mediterranean Sea. This shrub, with C. 

 cyprius (Lam.) furnishes the best Ladanum resin. Other 

 species yield a less fragrant product. 



Citrus Aurantium, Linne.* 



The Orange (in the widest sense of the word). A native of 

 South Asia. A tree of longevity, known to have attained the 

 age of 600 years or more. Any specific differences, to distin- 

 guish C. Aurantium from C. medica, if they once existed, are 

 obliterated now through hybridisation, at least in the culti- 

 vated forms. In Central India a peculiar variety is under 

 culture, producing two crops a year. The blossoms of 

 February and March yield their ripe fruit in November and 

 December, whereas from the flowers of July mature fruits are 

 obtained in March and April. To prevent exliaustion only 

 alternate fruiting is allowed. As prominent varieties of C. 

 Aurantium may be distinguished : — 



Citrus Bigaradia, Duhamel. The Bitter Orange. This furnishes 

 from its flowers the Neroli Oil, so delicious and costly as a 

 scent. It is stated that Orange-flowers to the value of .£50 

 might be gathered from the plants of an acre within a year. 

 The rind of the fruit is used for candied orange-peel. Bitter 

 principle : Hesperidin in the rind, Limonin in the seed. 



Citrus dulcis, Volkamer. The Sweet Orange, of which many 

 kinds occur. The St. Michael Orange has been known to 

 bear in the Azores on sheltered places 20,000 fruits on one 

 tree in a year. Neroli Oil is obtained from the flowers of 

 this and allied varieties. 



Citrus Bergamium, Bisso. From the fruit-rind of this variety 

 Bergamotte Oil is obtained, but also oil from the flowers. 

 The Mellarosa variety furnishes a superior oil and exquisite 

 confitures. 



Citrus decumana, Linn6. The Shaddock of Pompelmos. The 

 fruit will exceptionally attain a weight of 20 lbs. The pulp 

 and thick rind can both be used for preserves. 



