FOR VICTORIAN INDUSTRIAL CULTURE. 



55 



Cladrastis tinctoria, Rafiiiesque. 



North America. The wood of this tree produces a saffron- 

 yellow dye. 



Cochlearia Armoracia, Linne. 



The Horseradish. Middle Europe and Western Asia. 

 Perennial. The volatile oil of the root allied to that of 

 Mustard. 



Cochlearia officinalis, Linn^. 



Shores of Middle and North Europe, North Asia and North 

 America. A biennial herb, like the allied C. Angelica and 

 C. Danica valuable as an antiscorbutic; hence deserving 

 naturalisation. It contains a peculiar volatile oil. 



Cocos Australis, Martins. 



From Brazil to Uruguay and the La Plata States. One of 

 the hardiest of all Palms, hardier even than the Date Palm, 

 withstanding unprotected a cold of 8° C. below freezing- 

 point, at which temperature oranges and almonds are injured 

 or destroyed. 



Coffea Arabica, Linne. 



Mountains of South-West Abyssinia. The Coffee-plant. This 

 shrub or small tree has been admitted into this list not with- 

 out great hesitation, merely not to be passed. The culti- 

 vation within Victorian boundary can only with any prospect 

 of success be tried in the warmest and simultaneously 

 moistest regions, such as East Gipps Land, frost being detri- 

 mental to the Coffee-plant. In Ceylon the Coffee regions are 

 between 1000 and 5000 feet above the ocean, but Dr. 

 Thwaites observes, that the plant succeeds best at an elevation 

 from 3000 to 4500 feet, in places where there is a rainfall of 

 about 100 inches a year. The temperature there rises hardly 

 ever above 80° F., and almost never sinks below 45° F. 

 Coffee requires moist weather whilst it ripens its fruit, and a 

 season of drier weather to form its wood. For further parti- 

 culars see the papers of the Planters' Association of Kandy. 

 Chemical principles: Coffein, a peculiar tannic acid and 

 Quina acid. 



Colcliicum auctumnale, Linne. 



Middle and South Europe, West Asia. The Meadow Saffron. 

 The seeds and roots of this pretty bulbous-tuberous herb are 

 important for medicinal use. The plant has been introduced 

 by the writer with a view of being cultivated on moist 

 meadows in our ranges. Active principle : Colchicin. 



Colocasia antiquorum, Schott. 



From Egypt through South Asia to the South Sea Islands, 

 apparently also indigenous in the warmer parts of East 



