FOR VICTORIAN INDUSTRIAL CULTURE. 



123 



Lygeum Spartum, Linne. 



Regions at the Mediterranean Sea. This perennial grass 

 serves much like the ordinary Esparto-grass. 



Lyperia crocea, Ecklon. 



South Africa. The flowers of this shrub produce a fine 

 orange dye, and are also in use for medicinal purposes. 



Maba geminata, R. Brown. 



One of the Ebony-trees in Queensland. Wood, according to 

 Mr. O'Shanesy, black towards the centre, bright-red towards 

 the bark, close-grained, hard, heavy, elastic and tough. It 

 takes a high polish, and is recommended for veneers. Maba 

 fasciculosa, F. v. M., has the outer wood white and pink. 

 Several other species exist in Queensland, which may likely 

 give good substitutes for Ebony-wood. 



Macadamia ternifolia, F. von Mueller (Belicia ternifolia^'F. M.) 

 The Nut-tree of sub-tropic East Australia, attaining a height 

 of 60 feet; hardy, as far south as Melbourne; in our forest- 

 valleys likely of fair celerity of growth. The nuts have the 

 taste of hazels. 



Madura aurantiaca, Kuttall, 



The Osage Orange, or North American Bow-wood^ or Yellow- 

 wood. Texas, Arkansas, Louisiana. This thorny deciduous 

 shrub or tree can be well trained into hedges. It is unisexual, 

 and will in favourable localities on rich river banks attain a 

 height of sixty feet, with a stem two to three feet thick, thus 

 becoming available as a timber-tree. It resists severe frosts. 

 The saplings furnish stakes for vines, which are very lasting. 

 The wood serves well for bows, buggy-shafts, carriage-poles, 

 and similar articles. The root yields an excellent dye. Our 

 own thorny Madura Calcar Galli (Morus Calcar Galli, A. 

 Cunningh.) of extra-tropical East A.ustralia, which moreover 

 possesses small edible fruits, deserves attention for live fences. 

 Neither of the two is readily subject to blight or attacks of 

 insects. The latter produces suckers and from the root a 

 yellow dye. M. tinctoria (D. Don), which furnishes the Fustic- 

 wood of Central and South America, may prove hardy here. 



Magnolia macrophylla, Michaux. 



Eastern States of North America. Although not cultivated 

 for any special purposes of the arts or of technics, yet this 

 tree is admitted here into this list as one of the grandest of 

 its kind, as well in foliage as flowers. It attains a height of 

 forty feet, its leaves are from one to three and a-half feet 

 long, while its flowers attain a diameter of fully one foot, 

 M. grandiflora, L., attains on the Mississippi a height of 

 eighty feet. 



