FOR VICTORIAN INDUSTRIAL CULTURE. 



169 



Pinus densiflora, Siebold and Zuccarini. 



Japan, in the interior of Nipon, where it forms, along with 

 P. Massoniana, extensive forests at 1000 to 2000 feet above 

 sea-level. The timber is excellent for building. 



Pinus Douglasii, Sabine.* 



Oregon-Pine, called also the Yellow Pine of Puget Sound, where 

 it yields the princij)al timber for export, and is therefore of 

 great commercial value in the lumber-trade. The maximum 

 height known is 400 feet, the greatest diameter of the stem 

 14 feet. The timber is fine and clear-grained, splendid for 

 masts and spars, also for flooring, being for that purpose 

 regarded as the best of California (Bolander). It is the 

 strongest wood on the North Pacific coast, both in horizontal 

 strain and perpendicular pressure. Sub-alpine localities here 

 should be extensively planted ^vith this famous tree. It 

 requires deep and rich soil, but likes shelter ; its growth is at 

 the rate of the Larch ; it passes in various localities as Black 

 and Ped Spruce. P. Lambertiana yields also much of the 

 flooring-wood in California. Wood firm, heavy and solid. 

 Both in clayey and light soil it attains fifty feet in about 

 eighteen years ; it requires however a moist forest-clime for 

 rapid growth. 



Pinus excelsa, Wallich.* 



The Lofty or Bootan Pine. Himalaya, forming large forests 

 at from 5000 to 12,500 feet elevation, also in Macedonia and 

 JMontenegro. A fine tree, 150 feet high, furnishing a valu- 

 able, close-grained, resinous, soft and easily workable wood, 

 ranking among Himalayan Pine-woods for durability next to 

 Deodar- timber (Stewart and Brandis). It also furnishes a 

 good quantity of turpentine. 



Pinus lirma, Antoine. 



North Japan, at 2000 to 4000 feet above the sea-level. A 

 lofty tree of the habit of the Silver-Fir. The timber is 

 white, soft and fine-grained, employed particularly by coopers 

 and upholsterers. 



Pinus flexilis, James. 



The White Pine of the Pocky Mountains, from New Mexico 

 to British Columbia, ascending to 12,000 feet. A valuable 

 Fir for cold regions. It attains a height of 100 feet. Wood 

 pale and compact. 



Pinus Fortunei, Parlatore. 



China, in the neighbourhood of Foo-Cliow-Foo. A splendid 

 tree, seventy feet high, somewhat similar in habit to P. 

 Cedrus. 



