FOR VICTORIAN INDUSTRIAL CULTURE. 



215 



Salix viminaliSj Linne.* 



The common Osier of Europe and North and West Asia ; 

 attains the height of thirty feet. One of the best for wicker- 

 work and hoops; when cut it shoots up to a length of twelve 

 feet. It would lead too far to enumerate even the more im- 

 portant Willows all on this occasion. Professor Andersson, 

 of Stockholm, admits 158 species. Besides these, numerous 

 hybrids exist. Many of the taller of these Willows could 

 here be grown to advantage. 



Salvia officinalis, Linne. 



The Garden Sage. Countries at the Mediterranean Sea. A 

 somewhat shrubby plant of medicinal value, pervaded by 

 essential oil. Prefers calcareous soil. Among nearly half 

 a thousand species of this genus some are gorgeously 

 ornamental. 

 Sambucus Canadensis, Linne. 



North-East America. The berries of this half- woody Elder 

 are used as well as those of Phytolacca decandra for colouring 

 vinous liquids. S. xanthocarpa (F. v. Mueller) is a large 

 Elder-tree of extra-tropic East Australia. 



Sambucus nigra, Linne. 



The ordinary Eider. Europe, North Africa, Middle Asia. 

 The flowers are of medicinal value, and an essential oil can 

 be obtained from them. The wood can be utilised for shoe- 

 pegs and other purposes of artisans. The berries are used for 

 colouring port- wine and for other purposes of dye. 



Sanguinaria Canadensis, Linne. 



North- East America. A perennial herb. The root impor- 

 tant as a therapeutic agent, contains also dye-principles. 



Sanguisorba minor, Scopoli. {Poterium Sanguisorha, Linne.) 

 The Salad Burnet. Europe, North Africa, North and Middle 

 Asia. A perennial, easily disseminated and naturalised herb, 

 particularly adapted for calcareous soils. Serves as salad and 

 particularly as a sheep-fodder. 



Sanseviera Zeilanica, Willdenow. 



India. This thick-leaved liliaceous plant should not be 

 passed in this enumeration, as it has proved hardy in places 

 free of frost. Eour pounds of leaves give about one pound of 

 fibre, which unites with softness and silky lustre extraordi- 

 nary strength and tenacity, serving in its native country for 

 bowstrings. The plant might be left to itself in rocky 

 unutilised places. Several allied species exist. 



Santalum album, Linne. 



India, ascending to the temperate elevations of Mysore. A 

 small or middle-sized tree, famed for its fragrant wood and 



