FOR VICTORIAN INDUSTRIAL CULTURE. 



253 



Yeratrum viride, Aiton. 



Canada and United States of North America. A near 

 relative of the former plant. Its root has come recently into 

 medicinal use. 



Yicia Cracca, Linne. 



Europe, North Africa, North and Middle Asia, North 

 America. Perennial. Recommendable for naturalisation as 

 a fodder-plant in silvan and alpine lands. It yields in shade 

 a three times larger return than in open places (Langetlial). 

 The cognate Y. Cassubica and Y. biennis (Linne) serve also 

 for field-culture. 



Yicia Ervilia, Willdenow. (Ervum Ervilia, L.) 



South Europe, North Africa, South- Western Asia. An 

 annual herb, praised as a valuable fodder-plant on dry cal- 

 careous soil. 



Yicia Faba, Linn^.* 



The Straight Bean. Orient, particularly on the Caspian Sea. 

 This productive annual herb affords not only its seeds for 

 table-use, but provides also a particularly fattening stable- 

 food. The seeds contain about 33 per cent, starch. Y. 

 Narbonensis (L.), from South Europe and South- West Asia 

 is preferable for the table, because its seeds contain less 

 bitter principle, though they are smaller. 



Yicia peregrina, Linne. 



South Europe. Annual. In Italy preferred to the ordinary 

 Tare for sand-soil; it recommends itself also for its close 

 growth. 



Yicia sativa, Linn^.* (F. angustifolia, Koth.) 



The ordinary Yetch or Tare. Europe, North Africa, North 

 and Middle Asia. One of the best fodder-plants, but only 

 of one or two years' duration. Important also for green- 

 manure, and as a companion of clovers. The allied Y. 

 cordata (Wulfen) and Y. globosa (Retzius) are similarly cul- 

 tivated in Italy (Langethal). Many of the other European 

 and Asiatic species of Yicia are deserving our attention. 



Yicia sepium, Linne. 



Europe, West and North Asia. Deserves attention as a 

 perennial Yetch, enduring an alpine clime. It might with 

 advantage be naturalised in our forests and alps, but it can 

 also readily be subjected to field-culture, the yield being large 

 and nutritious in regions with humid air, though the soil 

 might be poor. This Yetch can be kept for about fifteen 

 years continually on the same field (Langethal). Y, Pan- 

 nonica (Jacquin) is an allied but annual species. 



II 



