Soptembor, 1913 



TUE GARDEN AND FIELD. 



169 



worked injury and loss to many 

 breeds and breeders by being 

 practiced to too j^reat an extent, 

 and producius; constitutional weak- 

 ness. After tlic tyi>e has boon 

 well fixed in a breeil, inbreeding 

 should not be practiced except on 

 rare occasions, and then only as 

 a means of reproducing some very 

 desirable characteristic found in 

 two auimals that are related, and 

 then should not be practiced un- 

 less both animals possess kery 

 strong constitutions. 



Another important factor inllu- 

 encing to a certain extent the ra- 

 pidity and certaint}- of improve- 

 ment in the herd is pedigree. The 

 value of a pedigree i.s based upon 

 the idea that like produces like, 

 by knowing what the ancestors of 

 an animal have been like some 

 idea may be gained as to what 

 the offspring may be like. Too 

 many inexperienced breeders get 

 the idea that all pedigrees are of 

 the same value, and, so long as 

 they have a record of the name 

 'of the ancestoTs bearing the seal of 

 a record association, they think 

 they have a guarantee of indivi- 

 dual merit in the animal. It is not 

 the mere tabulation of a list of 

 the ancestors of an animal that 

 gives a pedigree its value, but the 

 merit and quality of the animals 

 in the pedigree. A poor pedigree 

 will lower the value of a good in- 

 dividual as much as a good pedi- 

 gree will raise the 'value of the 

 same individual. In selecting ani- 

 mals for the breeding herd, some 

 men lay too much emphasis iipon 

 pedigree, and others lay not 

 enough. Pedigree should be given 

 due attention, vet individual merit 

 should be the determining factor 

 as to whether an animal is to be 

 purchased or not. 



MELBOURNE -Sydney- Srisbane-Pertm-Auckland 



\. V \ \ .\ \; '"' \ ^ \_ . V \. \A5I3 



Colic in Horset 



It is not often that iiorses whii.h 

 are lying out are at tackled by colic, 

 but occasionall)', when there is not 

 much food for them to consume 

 and they drink large quantities of 

 icy cold water, they may suffer 

 from it. Un.ortunately, as the at- 

 tack usually comes on suddenly, 

 there may be nobody about to at- 

 tend to the sjufierer, but there is 

 no mistaking the symptoms, of 

 colic, as the horse will usually lie 

 down and roll, whilst very often 

 he will try and reach his belly 

 with his hind feet in order to 

 reduce the pain by kicking. The 

 best emergency treatment is a 

 good stiff dose of warm whisky, 

 or any other spirit and water ; but 

 most farmers possess a store 

 of colic cures, and if thev do uot 

 they should do so. Inllainmation 

 of the bowels is a far more serioius 

 affair, and requires professional 

 treatment. It usually shows it- 

 self by quick breathing, shivers, 

 and signs which show that the 

 belly is painful. As the discom- 

 forts increase, the horse becomes 

 more restless and ' sioanetimes 

 screams in its pain. Pending the 

 arrival of the veterinary surgeon, 

 hot fomentations may be applied 

 to the belly, and these usually ease 

 the pain, though not invariably so, 

 in which case they should be dis- 

 continued. A dose from one to 

 two ounces of tincture of opium, 

 according to the size and age of 

 the patient, may also be given in 

 cases of emergency. 



♦ — 



Why is It ? 



Two cows stand side by side. 

 To both the same ration is fed, 

 yet one will extract from that 

 fo'od as much again butter fat as 

 the other. The butter product of 

 the food is loo per cent, greater 

 with one cow than the other. 

 What is the inner quality whereby 

 one cow can produce so much more 

 than the other from the same 

 food ? It is hard to find the 

 right name for it, but it may be 

 called " dairy quality." Now- cer- 

 tain breeds of cattle are dis- 

 tinguished for this ciuality. They 

 have the power to accomplish this 

 work in greater proportion, and 

 perfection by reason of having been 

 bred to that piirpose from long 

 lines of ancestors of like quality. 

 One would think that there would 

 not be a dairy farmer in the land 

 who would not be keenly alive to 

 the necessity and economy of using 

 such cattle for dairy purposes. 



But the so-called general-purpose 

 notion has destroye(l in not a few 

 men the power to look into this 

 qi-iestion in an economical way. 

 They seem to be unable to take 

 the same advantage in their choice 

 of cow machinery, that they doi in 

 choosing their mechanical machin- 

 ery. They cannot be fooled into 

 taking a plough for a cultivator, 

 yet thousands) of farmers will spend 

 their lives in trying to make cows 

 of beef-breeding do dairy work. If 

 thev were close students of "cause 

 and effect " they woidd not be l)e- 

 guiled this way. 



Why should not the farmer be a 

 close student of cause and effect. — 

 Hoard's Dairyman. 



♦ 



Remember, and never forget, the 

 moment a colt rears, slacken the 

 rope, loosen his head ; then there 

 is little danger of his throwing 

 himself. Many a colt has been in- 

 jured for life by rearing and going 

 over backwards. 



Just down by the stream where 

 the bracken grows she placed her 

 easel and sat by it, sketching from 

 nature. " Please, ma'am, is that 

 me you're drawing milking that 

 cow in the pasture ? " " Why, 

 yes, my little man, but I didn't 

 know you were looking." " Cos if 

 that's me," continued the boy, 

 unmindful of the artist's confusion, 

 " you-ve put me on the wrong side 

 of the cow and I'll get kicked 

 over."— Credit Lost. 



IMPLEMENT MAEBB. 

 (Late of MOBGAN). 



YOUNG STREET 



(Old Methodist Hall) b«tween 

 FRANKLIN & WAYMOUTH STS. 



DENNIS' PATENT 

 STEEL BUCKSCRAPEB AND SILT 

 SCOOPS, GATES, ETC. 



Writ* for Dlutniad Caialofu* ami 

 Twim LMi. 



