September, 1913 THE GARDEN AND FIELD. 175 



, About half a million w.irs hcforo 

 , the Christian era the creature had 

 } assmiicd the form kin)\vn hy scien- 

 tilic invest ijjators as rrejovalski's 

 horse. This animal is believed 

 ' to have Iwen abont tvwlve hands 

 in hoijjht, instead of about leig-hteen 

 inches, as determined by the earli- 

 ' est fossils. The w-eij'-ht of this 

 twelve-hands horse is supposed to 

 ha^•e been alfout 4t)<) lbs. It is this 

 horse from which, according to 

 {general belief, all our ]>resent-'day 

 breeds and types of horse have 

 sprung, or, rather, have been built 

 up by man's skill in breeding, toge- 

 ther with the influenre of climate, 

 food, and general environments. 



It would seem that prehistoric 

 man utilized the prehistoric horse 

 only as food, or, i>ossiblv, used; his 

 skin for clothing. This is, how- 

 ever, bare conjecture based on de- 

 duction. It also appears that! the 

 horse was first used by man— otiier 

 than possibly for food and clothing 

 — previous to a few thnusand vears 

 before the days of King Solomon, 

 when he was employed for carry- 

 ing on warfare. The horse of to- 

 day in his present form is not the 

 h'orse originally created. It was 

 left for man as he advanced to 

 create tvpes of horses adatrted to 

 his various needs. Of all crea- 

 tures on earth the horse may 

 rightly be considered the most 

 abnormal; all improved breeds are 

 of recent origin, and their charac- 

 teristics are not altosrether due, as 

 some believe, to heredity. 



The ass and the zebra are 

 believed to have had tbeir origin 

 in the original i8-inch oat-like 

 creature, which to some extent had 

 the stripes of the zebra. The wild 

 ass and, the zebra have simply 

 been left to shift for thetragelves, 

 while the other branch of the same 

 gemu's, which is called the horse, 

 has received particular attention 



from man, and become his servant 

 and [yet. As man has 'devcloi)ed, 

 so has the horse developed. In 

 countries* wlure there are Ijio liorse.si 

 development in man has not been 

 a predominating feature. 



The Arab of the desert developed 

 a horse adapted to his needs ; and 

 thus we find the horse all along 

 down through the ageS' a creatfire 

 develojied to mc^t the reqjuircments 

 of man. The obfect in v-iew is the 

 same, whether it be iti warfare, 

 tilling the soil, Ininting, hauling 

 the carriages of the wealthy, rac- 

 ing or coaching; the horse has been 

 evolved by the needs and whimsl of 

 man from the oriirinal cat-like 

 creature of i8in. high. ',As one 

 calls to mind the little beast of 

 three million years ago, and com- 

 pares it with the modern Clvdes- 

 dafe, hackney, or racehorse, one 

 might equally well expect the house 

 cat of the period to become in the 

 far-off future a beast the size of an 

 ox, or one suitable to do the 

 work of a gunner. ' It indicates 

 that as man has reqiiired the Cre- 

 ator has ii'irnished the means to 

 bring about his desires. No better 

 expression of this sentiment can 

 find utterance than that recorded 

 bv William Young in this work on 

 the horse, published in England in 

 1831 : — " Nothing can moral clearly 

 show the wise and benevolent order 

 of Providence that man should ex- 

 ercise his superior intellect for the 

 improvement of all around 'him 

 than the ease and certainty with 

 which it is seen that, by close at- 

 tention, we can modify and 

 ameliorate all organized existences 

 in the animal and vegetable king- 

 doms." — Elder's Review. 



^ 



The horse that contracts bad 

 habits readily is generally one that 

 can be taught the most useful 

 traits -with least trouble. 



To Make Lime Concrete. 



The following are recommended 

 recipes for making a first class 

 concrete. It may be thought to 

 be unnecessarily strong for ordin- 

 ary work, but will serve as a good 

 guide. 



Take one part of fre.shlv burnt 

 lime boiled ^slaked carefully, so 

 that it will boil) in a tub to six 

 parts of clean, .sharp river sand 

 and gravel. Place the gravel and 

 sand in a ring, run in the lime, 

 and carefully turn the gravel into 

 the lime and mix thorouehlv, so 

 that the lime is even distributed. 



Or take one part fresh burnt 

 lime, 4 parts of 2-in. metal, and 2 

 parts of clean, sharp sand, and 

 mix as above. 



— Cement Concrete. — 



The following are the propor- 

 tions for making cement concrete: 

 — ^The best concrete is made of I 

 part of cement to 6 oi metal, etc., 

 but the following is good enough: — 



Take 4 parts 2An. metal, 2 parts 

 bulldoa;- screenings (crushed quart- 

 zite screened to ^-in.), and 2 parts 

 good clean, dry sand. 



Mix the sand and cement care- 

 fully and completely whilel quite 

 dry. Mix the metal and screen- 

 ings and put in a ring and tho- 

 roughly damp them without having 

 them too wet. Now mix in the 

 sand and cement, so that all the 

 metal and 'screenings will be 

 evenly covered. Keep the heap 

 moist, but not too wet, lest the 

 cement be washed off. Success de- 

 pends on even mixtinre and in 

 getting the concrete into its per- 

 manent position promptly. 



♦ 



To ensure the boar keeping in 

 good service condition he should 

 have plenty of exercise. To per- 

 mit this a good roomy pen or 

 large vard must be provided. In 

 summer he should have at least a 

 small pasture wherein to roam' and 

 root at will. Not infrequently re- 

 turns of sows to service are due 

 to lethargic condition of the boar 

 rather than to sterility of the 

 sows. Plenty of exercise, with the 

 right kind of food, will almost en- 

 tirely overcome this condition. Th^ 

 boar should be fed sufficient food 

 to keep him grooving rapidly, and 

 in good flesh in anv case. He 

 should not, howe^^er, be fed such 

 foods as are likely to make him 

 fat, but rather flesh and bone-form- 

 ing foods. 



THE SIGN OF THE BEST 

 CREAM SEPARATORS 



Tliese saife all tu Gream. 



eOUUL iNSERTio. 



All Separators are not alike, because some SAVE MORE CREAM than others and 

 the Machine which sares the most cream is MOST PROFITABLE to buy IntenHins' 

 Buyer, should remember that SEPARATORS ARE USED EVERY DAY and the 

 oxtra cream saved will soon pay the whole cost of the machine. The most accurate 



tests prore that Globe" Separators practically save ALL the Cream." 

 W. QOULD Naracoorte, writes :- We are still perfectly satisfied that our machine is one of the best 

 in the market. We have had it over 6 ye.rs now, and it .till works as it did at first. Get illustrated 

 booklet. Free for the asking. 



NORMAN & CO., Bank Street, Adelaide. 



SOLE IMPORTERS. 



