September, 1913 



THE ClARDEN AND FIELt). 



1^1 



Control or Eradication. 



Animals. — Any method which will 

 hasten the {^germination of seed, 

 followed by the destruction of the 

 voung plants before thej' flower, 

 is to be recommended. 



Biennials. — Whore possible, plouj^h 

 up, or cut down before they flower. 

 Frequent cuttings will kill them. 



Perennials. — These cause most 

 trouble, and need fretpvent cultiva- 

 tion or cutting. Casual attention 

 or cutting — i.e., allowing the plants 

 to grow for some time between the 

 cuttings — only stimulates the 

 plants, just as pruning improves a 

 tree. 



Smothering-crops and hoed crops, 

 are very valuable in controlling 

 weeds : for, just as weeds are 

 agg'ressive and crowd out ordinary 

 vegetation, so they in turn may 

 be crowded out bv proper atten- 

 tion to heavy dense crops. 



Weeds carrying mature seeds 

 should be burned : never plpugh 

 them in. 



Fallowing. 



Fallowing does not add plant 

 food to the son. 



Fallowing aerates the soil, and 

 favours the beneficial micro-organ- 

 isms which live in its upper 

 layers. The activities of these 

 organisms tend to make soil repro- 

 ductive. 



Fallowing thus renders available 

 the potential— but not readily 

 available— plant food that is al- 

 readv in the soil. 



Fallowing reduces the amount 

 of nitrogen in the soil. 



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Insurance Company, Limited. 



CLAIMS PAID EXCEED £55,000,000. 

 ASSETS EXCEED £11.500,000. 



All Descriptions of Insurances Undertaken 

 at Lowest Current Rates. 



FIRE (including Haystacks and Growing 

 Crops), ACCIDENT and DISEASE, Em- 

 ployers' Liability and Workmen's Compensa- 

 tion, Fidelity Guarantee, PL4.TE GLASS, 

 Burglary, PUBLIC RISKS. 



Agents in all the Principal Country Towns. 

 Chief Office foe South Australia— 



36, Grenfell St., Adelaide 



Tom Stbele, Local Manager. 



Fallowing depletes the soil ol 

 its humus or decaying vegetable 

 matter. Tliis depiction of humus 

 les.sens the water-holding capacity 

 of the soil. 



The application of commercial 



fertilisers does not add humus to 

 the soil. 



In dry districts, sound farming 

 practice is based upon the very 



beneficial practice of fallowing, 

 combined •mth. — 



(1) the use of commercial ferti- 

 lisers to restore plant food, and 



(2) the growth and consumption 

 on the farm of fodder crops to 

 maintain the supply of humus and 

 nitrogen. 



♦ • 



Farm Notes. 



The general tendency of present 

 day opinion is that the effect of 

 food on the composition of milk 

 is less than is often supposed, and 

 that as long as the food is sound 

 and wholesome and compounded in 

 such a way as to keeo the nnnnn 

 such a way as to keep the cows 

 in thoroughly good health the milk 

 produced is likely to be quite,, suit- 

 able for consumption by inavlids 

 and childlren. 



Haphazard, happy-go-lucky me- 

 thods in the matter of date in 

 breeding sows should be strenuous- 

 Iv avoided. When a sows loses her 

 proper time of farrowing withi the 

 others, she tends to keep out of 

 tim.e till a breeding period is 

 passed. Keep the sows together 

 and keep them where you want 

 them. 



Some object to the drudgery of 

 farm work. There is drudgery, 

 everywhere when there is a lack of 

 interest. Drudgery does not depend 

 on the work to be done, but on 

 what you have under your hat. 

 If following the plough means only 

 hitting stones and breaking ribs, it 

 is drudgery ; but if it is studying 

 the great problem of soil culture, 

 it is positive enjoyment. You can 

 do a lot of things without money. 

 What you do depends on vou. The 

 busy man always has time for 

 things. Go home with a fixed 

 idea to do something. To succeed 

 makes a man of one. Produce a 

 new variety of wheat and sell for 

 a higher price than the old. Re- 

 member that " land has no value 

 except in its relation to man's 

 use." The use you make of it de 

 termines what it offers to you. 



Fixing knobs on the horns of 

 cattle has been practised for very 

 many years in ICngland. The ori- 

 ginal, method was to saw off the 

 tip of the horn and fix thereon a 

 ball of wood 3ins. in diameter, 

 with a nail passing through ball 

 and horn ; some used pitch in- 

 stead of the naU, but this was less 

 secure. Over a hundred years ago 

 it was urged that " lvinol>bing " 

 should be made compulsory by 

 law,, having regard to the number 

 of lives which were lost from toss- 

 ing and goring by cattle on their 

 way to market. Another reason 

 lor urging its general adoption was 

 " the injury tney do each other 

 by goading with their sharp h,orns 

 when, in markets 



In old days horsemasters believed 

 that a raw egg had the most bene- 

 ficial efiect upon the coat of the 

 horse ; but superstition decreed 

 that to derive full benefit from it 

 the horse must swallow the egg 

 whole. Very generally the horse 

 succeeded in swallowing the egg, 

 which of course had to be placed 

 by hand, in the entrance of the 

 oesophagus, but if it slipped in the 

 lingers at the critical moment, and 

 entered the passage with its long 

 diameter across, tUe egg was very 

 likely to choke the horse. Delicate 

 as the shell is, the muscular pres- 

 sure exerted upon the egg evenly 

 all round prevented its breaking, 

 and experience showed that it was 

 by no means easy to breaK, the 

 egg by pressure exerted outside. In 

 such cases the only remedj' was to 

 use an instrument to piercei a hole 

 in the egg, after which it was 

 easily broken. 



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25-27 Steamship Buildings, 



CURRIE STREET, ADELAIDE. 

 COLONIAL RRODUCE EX- 

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on Commission Only. 



Special attention given to the 

 Export of Fruit to English, Ger- 

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Woodwool, Apple Wrapping Paper, 

 Apple Cases, Pear Trays — in the 

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All Orchardists' requisites suppled 

 at Lowest Rates. 



Agent for — 



The Harvey Orchard Ploughs and 

 Cultivators. 



Bam. V. Spray Pumps, hand or 

 Motor Power. On view at oiir 

 North Terrace Store. 



