334 



THE GARDEN AND FIELD. 



December, 1913 



lot were the cracked grain, wet 

 mash and beef scrap with 1,170, 

 the worst were the wet mash and 

 beef scrap without cracked jjrain, 

 1045. The no mash lot were 

 1.090, thoujrh thev were a long 

 way behind at the eight weeks 

 stage, being much the" smallest 

 eaters, in the concluding four 

 weeks they were the largest. 



The total food consumed was 

 slightly over yV, Yiis. per head. Ths 

 cracked grain, wet mash, and beef 

 scrap with nearly five pounds for 

 91 birds, were the largest, but 

 there was nothing much in it, ex- 

 cept that the 11 remnants of the 

 89 death lot appeared to eat iSftis. 

 apiece. Labour cost is estimated 

 at about 14/- a hundred chicks 

 for dry feeders, 16/- for mixed 

 feeders, and 18/- for all wetters. 

 In ordinary poultrv keeping these 

 differences' don't count but on a 

 10,000 hatching plant they would. 



Total costs, including all items, 

 to sale of chicks, amounted to l/i 

 a head, at which thev showed a 

 loss of about 2d. each. 



The following is the official 



— Summary. — 

 " (i) Chicks appeared to need 

 both cracked and ground food. (2) 

 Chicks grew more rapidlv on mois- 

 tened mash than on drv mash, 

 other conditions beincr equal. 

 Chicks fed from the first on d'rv 

 mash and grain were nearly as 

 large at the end of eight weeks as 

 those that had been started on a 

 moist mash and later changed to 

 dry mash. (4) Skim milk mash 

 produced growth on less food per 

 pound gain in weight than did dry 

 rnash. (s) Chicks that were 

 given hopper-fed beef scrap from 

 the first, in connection with crack- 

 ed grain and ground food, made 

 better growth than those started 

 on a limited amount of beef scrap. 

 (f>) Chicks given a limited amount 

 of beef scrap for the first weeks 

 irrew better than those whose meat 

 food was given in the form of egsjs. 

 (7) No ill effect was observed when 

 beef scrap was hopper-fed from the 

 fir.st meal, if (Hven in connection 

 with a well-balanced ration. (8) 

 WTien the other food riven did not 

 snnnlv their needs, chicks ate suf- 

 ficient beef scrap to causp hi 'h 

 mortalitv from diirestive ailments. 

 (9) Sour skim milk proved of value 

 for chick-feeding. (10) Sour .skim 

 milk fed in a moistened ma.sh gave 

 better results than granulnted I'-i"'- 

 fed under the same circumstances. 

 The experiments as a whole indi- 

 cated that the feedintr of both 

 cracked and ground erain Was more 

 desirable than the feeding of either 

 alone." 



Home Notes. ® 



Athletics for Women. 



—Breathing Exercises and their 

 Value. — 



The art of deep breathing, once ac- 

 quired, not only strengthens the 

 lungs, but gives a full throat, a roun- 

 ded chest, and in many ways im- 

 proves the appearance. The right 

 way to breathe is as follows: — Take 

 a deep breath through the nostrils, 

 keeping the mouth tightly shut; hold 

 the breath while you count 10, and 

 then breathe it out again, slowly,- 

 softly, and steadily. A variation of 

 the above is done thus:— Shut the 

 mouth, and close one nostril by 

 placing a finger on the side of it, 

 then draw in a deep breath through 

 the nostril, count 10, then remove the 

 finger, and breathe out again in the 

 same slow, regular fashion. This 

 exercise should be done several 

 times with both nostrils. 



Fencing is good. Skipping is ano- 

 ther, also battledore and shuttle- 

 cock; and the advantage of these lies 

 in the fact that they can be practised 

 m the privacy of one's own house. 

 In skipping the rope must, of course, 

 be thrown backwards. Swimming 

 among women, if not overdone, has 

 an excellent efifect on the figure. 

 Every second woman you meet 

 wishes to reduce her waist, hips, and 

 figure generally. This she can ac- 

 complish by the following methods :— 



I. Raise the arms high above the 

 head— in fact, stretch them and the 

 hands as high as posible; stand 

 straight and stif? for a moment, and 

 then— keeping the knees rigidly firm 

 —let arms and hands go slowly down- 

 wards until the tips of the fingers 

 touch the floor in front. After a time 

 the body will become so supple that 

 the palms of the hands will be ablt 

 to press the floor, and this without 

 the slightest bending of the knees. 

 The above is known as the "setting- 

 up" movement, and is constantly 

 practised in the British army. 2. 

 Another exercise that reduces the 

 hips and waist is as follows: — Again 

 stand straight and upright, balance 

 carefully, and raise one leg as high 

 as possible— after a time the knee 

 will almost mount to the chest— then 

 point the foot out in front, retain 

 this attitude for a .moment, and then 

 bring the leg sharply downwards, 

 placing the feet close together. Both 



legs must practise this alternately. 

 3- To acquire a well-rounded waist, 

 the pupil must sit straight on a stool, 

 with the feet held fixedly beneath it! 

 and then turn her body, on its own 

 axis, round and round as far as pos- 

 sible. 4. To widen the chest, stand 

 in an upright position, touch the left 

 shoulder with the right hand, and 

 then slowly pass the right arm round 

 until it is fully extended behind the 

 back. This should be repeated with 

 the left arm. Such exercises as the 

 above must, of course, be done with- 

 out corsets, before the bath in the 

 morning, and before a second bath 

 at night, or — failing this — previous to 

 going to one's bed. 



Boys' Clothes. 



Some mothers, who are quite par- 

 ticular about what the girls should 

 wear, think anything will do for the 

 boys. Now this is a great mistake, 

 for the boys are apparently quite in- 

 different to what they put on; yet 

 our personal appearance has a very 

 marked effect on our character, and 

 so no dirty, untidy boy is ever likely 

 to do full justice to himself. Don't 

 try and "fake" your boys up — far 

 from that; but care should be taken 

 that a boy is neatly clothed. Es- 

 pecial care should be taken that he 

 keeps himself clean. It is wonderful, 

 though, what a natural affinity there 

 seems to be between a healthy boy 

 and dirt! So that especial care must 

 be taken as regards the removal of 

 this affinity. But there eomes a time 

 in a boy's life when he begins to think 

 a little of dress— don't let this be 

 teased out of him; it is a very healthy 

 and natural sign of growth. He is 

 finding his outward self-respect. 

 Don't try and laugh him out of it; 

 better far a few shillings wasted on 

 gaudy ties and fancy waistcoats than 

 your lad, growing now somewhat out 

 of your dominion, should incline to 

 slovenliness. Remember, too, neat- 

 ness does much for a boy outside his 

 home — an employer likes to see his 

 people neat, though not dressed be- 

 yond their means, of course; and 

 when your lad is sent messages for 

 him it does him good, and his master 

 good, too, for him to present a neat 

 appearance. And what does neatness 

 do for a lad inside his home? A good 

 deal in many ways — in the home of 



