THbl (iARDKN AND FIELD. 



'171 



Wealth Made by Chemists. 



Tlic expert chemist is an import - 

 .lilt ligure in the industrial worM 

 lo-(lav, a writer in the New .York 

 Sun truthfully s;^vs. lie .can earn 

 not only fatne, but also a larj;e 

 income, and he saves mamifactur 

 crs many millions of dollars every 



vear. Of course, nine out of ten 



chemists stick to the old routine, 

 hut the tenth poes in for industrial 

 chemistry, ami cither allies himself 

 to some projjressive and nourish- 

 ing manufacturer, or independent- 

 ly comlucts his industrial experi- 

 ments and spends his time and 

 brains in devising schemes for the 

 utilisation of by-i)roducts. • 



mRHPUHP ENGINES 



A PUMP ENGINE THAT OUT- 

 PUMPS WINDMILLS AND RUNS • 

 ANY HAND POWER MACHINE! 



Why use a hand pump or wind mill ? The former 

 is slow, very tiring and expensive, and the latter s 

 quite dependent upon wind, and consequen iy often 

 very troublesome. There is a little engine far sup- 

 erior to both and it is quickly replacing them a 1 

 over the State ; it's the 



Fuller and Johnson 



FARM PUMP ENGINE 



w ich will pump 500 gallons per hour from 

 we Is up to 300 feet deep and requires abso- 

 lu ely no attention. The engine is delivered 

 all ready for working ; you just attach i to 

 the pump stock, start it, a d leave it. It re- 

 puires no special platform, belts, anchor- 

 post-, etc. Remeni er, too, that it will work 

 on any hand pump. If not wanted for the 

 pump, just take along to the churn, - eparator 

 or other light machine and attach the pulley 

 provided; or you can use i' for watering gar- 

 dens, spraying, etc.,— throws a column of 

 wa er 60 ft. high. 



It costs only Id. 

 per hour to run. 



It is, undoubtedly, the handiest 

 farm engine known and construct- 

 ed so that it can be easily operated 

 by those wha have no experience 

 of engines ; it runs without flame, 

 smoke or smell, needs no attent- 

 ion, and is as near troubl.-and- 

 accident-proof as an engine could 

 be. 



Ask for further particulars and prices; 

 •upplied to anyone free on request 



Sole Agents, 



5ATARMER5 



CO-OPERATIVE UNIONS 

 FrankunSt. Adelaide. 



The developmetit of the ticnicu- 

 (lous aniline colour industry is al- 

 toirether due to chemical exj^eri- 

 ment with waste products. In the 

 dry distillation of coal or wood 

 for g-as, the jjas' passes throufjh a 

 succession of washers, which take 

 out its impurities. These impuri- 

 ties, including ammouia, carbolic 

 acid, acetic acid, ^iml various ni- 

 trojren comi)ounds, were formerly 

 waste, hut are now separated and 

 u.sed. In fact, nearly all of the 

 aoetic acid in the market is se- 

 cured from the dry distillation of 

 wood. . The colour indus- 



try, which chemists called the 

 •rreatest of the modern chemical in- 

 dustries, has called for other 

 chemical^developmcnts. It demands 

 lars^e quantities of sulphuric acid, 

 of soda, etc., and chemists have 

 sharpened their wits upon the 

 proljleni of oljtainin^j these pro- 

 ducts at a minimum expense. Un- 

 til recently the greater part of the 

 sulphur used in this country was 

 imported from Sicily. Now, 

 through chemical processes, the 

 snlphur occurring with iron, gold, 

 silver, and zinc is liberated and 

 burned to sulphur dioxide, from 

 which almost all of our sulphuric 

 acid is largelv made. The silver 

 contained in lead has also been 

 freed and utilised. It was found 

 by chemists that when the metal 

 lead was mixed with ziuic the silver 

 formed an alloy with the zinc and 

 floated , to the surface. When this 

 mass was taken from the lead and 

 heated in a retort, the ziiiic, being 

 volatile, was freed, and left a de- 

 posit so rich in silver that it was 

 easily purified. 



The applications of chemistry to 

 mininfr processes are legion, but 

 it is in other branches of industry 

 that practical chemistry is now 

 making its strides. The Standard 

 Oil Company is a hardy exponent 

 of the merits of industrial chemis- 

 try, and has expert chemists con- 

 stantly employed. As for that 

 matter, so have all the great gas 

 plants, cpke plants, sugar refin- 

 eries, starch factories, etc. The 

 original waste of the oil business 

 was enormous ; now it is next to 

 nothing. 



The dairy business is one o|f the 

 industries with whieh the chemist 

 is busying himself, and the results 

 so far have. been most satisfactory, 

 although a much broader field for 

 the use of casein is prophesied. 

 The large creameries, havine turn- 

 ed out their cream and butter, 

 were confronted by great (quanti- 

 ties of skim milk for which there 

 was apparently no use. Skilm milk 

 was a drug on the market, ,and in 

 many cases was drained off into 



