April, I 



stronR and ni.u,n<>(l ooiistitvition, 

 and vet be frcp from ct^arscness of 

 anv kind, (nil of vitality or uer- 

 voiis ener.nv, which wnll prove his 

 abilitv to" stamp his imprint on 

 his oSsprinjr. If snch u hxill nicks 

 well with the herd it will nsnally 

 be safe enoiu^h to breed hitu to 

 the second or even the thinl {fener- 

 ation, bnt here the skill and indg- 

 inent of the breeder must come into 

 nlav in determining; how far in- 

 -bre^^dinp can be carried in any par- 

 ticular case. 



— Test, Prove. Cull. — 

 After havitif secured good foimd- 

 ation stock the only thin": neces- 

 Sarv to ensure success is eternal 

 vigilance in testinjr and weeding 

 the poorest from the herd. This 

 is where a great manv make a mis- 

 take in not testing their cows se- 

 parately. Many a grand cow has 

 passed the whole of her life with- 

 out the owner know'ing what a 

 prize he has, she probably helping 

 to sunnort some worthless brute 

 that was not worth her keep as a 

 dairy cow, and anyone who has 

 never tested his cows will be sur- 

 nrised at the great difference there 

 is not only in the quality, but in 

 the quantity of the product. 



The cows should all be tested, for 

 butter three times durincr the year 

 — Once when fresh, once about the 

 middle of the milking period, and 

 again about <two months before 

 thev are due to calve. As their 

 milk is weis^hed separately every 

 dav we can form a fair estimate 

 of the amount of butter made from 

 each cow in a vear, and are thus 

 able to determine which are the 

 most profitable. This, to be sure, 

 takes some time, but anyone who 

 will try it for a vear will be well 

 paid for the trouble. Some far- 

 mers have adopted the system des- 

 cribed for grading up their herds 

 and have brought them up in a few 

 years from iSo lbs. to over 300 lb. 

 a year, there is no reason why 

 every dairyman in the country can- 

 not do likewise. 



SADDLE AND HARNESS MAKER. 

 Grindery Stocked. 



Comer— 189, Hindley nnd Morpheti 

 Street!. 



Special terms to Country Clients. 

 Satisfaction Guaranteed. 



THE UAllDb^N AND FIKLU. 



Calf Freeding. 



In order to ascertain w^liether 

 nipple or bucket feeding of calves 

 was the better method to adopt, 

 five tests were made with eight v 

 I. lives at Kentucky .\gricultural 

 blxperiment Station. In one lot 

 in each test the calves were sup- 

 plied with milk direct from the 

 bucket, while those of the second 

 lot sucked the milk through nipples 

 or " call feeders." The several lots 

 of calves were equal in respect of 

 a<re, se.x, weight, and condition, 

 and' all the calves received the 

 same amount of food. It was found 

 that while the bucket-fed calves 

 took, on an average, 39K seconds 

 to drink their milk, those fed 

 throueh the nipple required 2 min- 

 utes 21 seconds. During the first 

 seven to ten weeks the nipple-fetl 

 calves were more thrifty than 

 those fed from the bucket, but it is 

 .stated that , calves fed carefully 

 from the bucket will make almost 

 as much growth by the time thev 

 are six months old as those fed 

 on the nipple when they are young. 



— ^ 



Some Hints about Harness. 



A harness room is a necessity 

 on everv farm. 



In this room should be kept all 

 harness, combs, brushes, sponges, 

 oil,, tools and a medicine chest. 



Never put • away harness until 

 you have dried it thoronghly. Do 

 not allow knots in the traces, and 

 examine frequently every part of 

 the harness for weak and worn 

 places. 



Special attention should be paid 

 to the collar. Keep it clean and 

 oil it once a month. All the har- 

 ness should be oiled at least twice 

 a year. 



In cleaning harness, use a g'ood 

 soap. 



In purchasing harness, buy the 

 best and then keep it in good con- 

 dition. 



Never have tight check reins, 

 and use a bit to control, not to 

 torture. 



Keep all nickel bright and clean. 



The harness room should be built 

 in a convenient place, and so ar- 

 raneed that every article can be 

 found quickly. 



Have in it a stationary lamp or 

 lantern, and near it a box of safe- 

 ty matches, so that when you go 

 in the room at night a light can 

 be quickly made. 



C. A. SMITH & CO. 



ICNGINKICKS, 



WAKET^IKLD STREET 

 ADELAIDE 

 (0|)p. Gawler Place). 



Sole Makers of the 

 " DON " Centrifugal and Double 

 Action Pumps, Horizontal and 

 Vertical. 



The best on the market. Repairs 

 to all kinds of Machinery. 

 'Phone 766. 



Rape for Sheep. 



For sjieedily fattening lambs and 

 sheep rape can be highly recom- 

 mended. It is unrivalled as a pas- 

 ture for sheep in autumn. When 

 successfully grown as a fattening 

 food it is without a rival in point 

 of cheapness and effectiveness ; for 

 sheep that pasture upon it do the 

 harvestmsr in a most effective man- 

 ner, vyith little cost to the owner. 

 The manure made from it is wide- 

 ly distributed over the paddock, 

 and adds to the fertility of the 

 soil. As the crop cannot be ad- 

 vantao-eonslv harvested and pre- 

 served, it is of most value as 

 forap^e, when hand-fed, or for pas- 

 ture. In the latter instance, when 

 sheen or lambs are first turned in 

 on the croo thev should have fair- 

 ly full bellies, so as they will not 

 Foro^e themselves, and cause bloat 

 or scours. At the time of chancr- 

 ifio- the food ihey should h^^vefree 

 access to 9 "rass pasture. For the 

 first few davs 1<eer> the animals 

 for p few hours in the foreoart of 

 the d^,^' on nasture : the latter part 

 turn them in on the rape for an- 

 other short spell. _ After that th-^^ 

 do not pn^ain renuire removal Tn 

 two or two and a half months 

 the^^ should be ready for market. 

 Tf it is desired to carry on the 

 lambs into the winter months at 

 the close of the pasturinfr season 

 they will continue imorovtng under 

 iudicious manac^ment. They do 

 not reouire water when feedinc^ ri 

 rqne. bnt a little salt is of ad- 

 vantare. The averan^e yield of the 

 crop, under fair conditions, ranges 

 from to 27 tons per aicre. Rape 

 is of two varieties, dwarf and 

 o-iant. The seed can be sovyn in 

 snrinfr or winter, either in drills or 

 broad-cast. In the latter case at 

 the rate of from to S lbs. per 

 acre : when drilled from t'X to 7. 

 lb. On poor land in dry weather 

 the nuantities criven can '^>e in- 

 creased. When sown in drills the 

 soil should be cultivated and kept 

 free from weeds.— Elder's Review 



