May, 1914 



THE GARDEN AND FIELD. 



6T3 



able of transmittinii l\i.£:h laying 

 qualities. 



3. The use as breeders of such 

 males only as are known to be 

 the sons of hii;h i)r(>(lucing dams, 

 since oulv from such males can we 

 exi)ect to tret hi;.;h produK-ini-; 

 daughters. 



4. The use of a pediji-ree svstcnv 

 \v"herebv it will be iiossible at least 

 to tell what individiuil male bird 

 was the sire of any particular fe- 

 male. This amounts, in ordinary 

 parlance, to a pen pedigree sys- 

 tem. Such a system is not ditri- 

 cidt to operate. • Indeed, many 

 poultrvmen, especially fanciers, 

 now make -use of pen "pedigree re- 

 cords. 



3. The making at first of as 

 many different matiugs as .pos- 

 sible. This means the use of as 

 man\ different male birds as pos- 

 sible, which will further imply 

 small matinns with only compara- 

 tively few females to a single 

 male. 



6. Continued, though not too 

 narrow, inbreeding (or line-breed- 

 ing) of those lines which the trap- 

 nest records show a preponderant 

 number of daughters to be high 

 producers. One should not discard 

 all but the single, best line, but 

 should keep a half a dozen at least 

 of the lines which throw the high- 

 est proportion of high layers, 

 breeding each line within itself. 



Items 4r 5, and 6 imply the car- 

 rying over of a considerable num- 

 ber of cockerels until some judg- 

 ment has been formed of the worth 

 of their lines, through the perform- 

 ance at the trap-nest of their sis- 

 ters. Item 6 assumes, as an abso- 

 lutely necessary pre-requisite, that 

 item I will be faithfully and unfail- 

 ingly observed. 



Eaas! Bqqs! 



Sittings from Heavy Laying 



White Leghorns 

 Black Leghorns 

 Black Orpingtons 

 SilverWyandottes 



15 Eggs to each setting. Guaranteed 

 fertile or replaced. 10/6 per setting 



T. E. YELLAND, 

 S.A. Farmers' Co-Op. Union. Ltd. 



The whole system of breeding 

 bore outlined is an a])plication, in 

 the simjilcst form possible, of two 

 princii)les, one general and the 

 other special to the present case. 



The first is the general principle 

 of the' jirogeny test in breeding 

 for performance. This is the prin- 

 ciple which has led the i)Iarit breed- 

 ers to such notal)le triumphs dur- 

 inb the last 15 years. In my judg- 

 ment, no system of breeding for 

 performance in animals not funda- 

 mentally based upon it will ever 

 achieve any permanent success. 

 The second principle is the recogni- 

 tion of the significance of the maliel 

 in 1)reedin£r for egg production. It 

 has been the custom' in trap nest- 

 ing work to reckon pedigrees in 

 the female line only. This we can 

 now see to be an essentially futile 

 procedure, so far as concerns the 

 daughters. To sav that " this ^ml- 

 let is the daughter of lyady Splen- 

 dissima (with a tremendous re- 

 cord) " is perhaps good advertis- 

 ing. It, however, conveys no in- 

 formation of any special value to 

 the breeder, until he knows who 

 was the Lady's consort in this 

 particular reproductive venture. 



In closing, let me express mv 

 conviction that the plan of breed- 

 inof for egg production set forth, 

 which involves nothing in principle 

 or practice which anv poultry nan 

 cannot put into operation, vvill not 

 fail, if consistently and intelligent- 

 Iv followed for a period of years, 

 to bring about a material increase 

 in the productiveness of the flock. 

 The e^-idence which leads me to 

 this conviction is the best of all 

 evidence — I have tried it. 



Tools in the Poultry Yard, 



Some tools that are very neoes- 

 sarv in the poultry vard at pre- 

 sent, dst") an axe, to take the 

 heads off all useless culls, thus sav- 

 inET the food bill and butcher's bill. 

 (2) a spade, to dig over a portion 

 of that run that has been in use 

 all the summer, and if wiselv 

 worked just now will be of con- 

 siderable benefit in the sprin^r. A 

 very eood plan is to purchase a 

 few extra vards of wire-netting-, 

 divide and die up half the rim, 

 leave a few days, turning your 

 bi'sv laving hens and pullets in, 

 which will " kill two birds with one 

 stone," viz., give them a good 

 suddIv of animal food and rake the 

 the rrround for vou. Then scatter 

 a mixture of barley, rape, or oats. 

 This will ensure a good supply of 

 fresh green food for spring chicks. 



(3) a hammer, saw and nails, 

 which should have been at work a 

 month ago, putting houses and 

 fences in rej)air for winter, and 

 making the ([uarters of your breed- 

 ing stock comfortable. " Although 

 most fowls can rough it when 

 forced to, there is not a human 

 being who likes comfort more than 

 our feathered pets do. — Kxchange. 



I looked 

 so ill, 

 My 



Mother 

 scarcely 

 knew me." 



Here is a remarkable letter, telling 

 of the great good and the almost 

 miraculous recovery to health of 

 Mrs. AGNES GI^ASSON, of ToaSt, 

 Kapuiid 1, S.A., written 19/10/12. It 

 is a most convincing case, and the 

 following document should be read 

 by all women, whether married or 

 single : 



CLEMENTS TONIC LTD. 



" In gratitude and for the good 

 of people in ill-health as I was, it 

 was my duty to write this. Re- 

 cently I came from Fremantle, 

 BROKEN-DOWN IN HEALTH, 

 AND SO CHANGED IN APPEAR. 

 AKCE THAT MY MOTHER COULD 

 HARDLY RECOGNISE ME. fhad 

 been afflicted with nervous de- 

 bility for a year. I got very little 

 sleep during that time and suffered 

 much from broken rest. I was in 

 a dreadful nervous state, and not 

 even the choicest food would entice 

 me to eat. The doctor told mother 

 SHE WOULD NOT HAVE HER 

 DAUGHTER MUCH LONGER. So 

 mother started to give me 



Clements 

 Tonic 



and I soon improved. Seven or 

 eight bottles cured me. I gained 

 strength and flesh rapidly, and no 

 one would believe I had passed 

 through such a severe illness. 



Only for Clements 



Tonic, I believe the doctor 

 would have been correct. 



(Signed) AGNES L. GLASSON." 



This medic; i.e is the best to be 

 taken for • on liputio \ Uric Acid 

 in the Blood. Weak Kidneys, In; i- 

 geslion. Low Spirits, sick Head- 

 ;iche, Loss ol Sleep. Poor Appetite, 

 :, liousness, or Poor Blood. In 

 c a es o( Weak Nerves and Nervous 

 '.■akdown, it should be taken. It 

 Kects rapid benefit. ALL STORES 

 and CHEMISTS SELL IT. Don't be 

 wi'.houtit. It saves docior's bills. 



i 



