THE AOBICULTURAL JOURNAL. 



upon me in many parts with regard to 

 big machinery is that wherever it is used 

 it does not get a fair chance because they 

 stick to the one crop. They are not farm- 

 ers strictly, they are speculators. They 

 grow only one crop, and do not rely upon 

 a scientific system of farming. 



" With regard to agricultural colleges, 

 many of the foreign ones are very fine. 

 We"have nothing to compete with them as 

 regards scale. The ideas I have gained I 

 expect will be extremely useful, as our 

 colleges are now in a formative period. 



" It is wonderful," continued Dr. Cobb, 

 " what the people of Denmarkand France 

 accomplished by co-operation. They are 

 of a different class to our people, and have 

 been driven to co-operation by dire neces- 

 sity. Our farmers need not starve if they 

 do not co-operate. The co-operative enter- 

 prise in Denmark reminds me of army 

 discipline. They keep step like soldiers, 

 and subordinating everything to the 

 benefit of the association are accomplish- 

 ing wonders. They are making good 

 money. An impression 2)revails that the 

 success of Danish produce in the English 

 markets is due to Orovernment assistance. 

 I was under that impression until I went 

 there. I find it is not the case. Neither 

 is it due to superior methods in the dairy. 

 I do not think their dairies are cleaner 

 than those of Great Britain or America. 

 Their success is not due so much to these 

 things as it is to co-operation. 



" With regard to the subject of plant 

 breeding, I visited nearly all the great 

 wheat stations in the world. I studied 

 them in detail, and with the eye of one 

 who has done considerable work in that 

 line. While I have learnt a great deal I 

 believe they have learnt a great deal from 

 us. The work done in New South Wales 

 by the Oitferent experts in this depart- 

 ment is thought very highly of in differ- 

 ent parts of the world where similar work 

 is being done. In that connection it is 

 only fair to mention the names of Messrs. 

 Guthrie (chemist) and Farrer, of this 

 department, and the wheat nomenclature 

 of the rust conference some three or four 

 years ago. A good deal of difficulty has 

 been experienced with regard to the 

 naming of wheat. There again I had the 

 pleasure of learning that the work done 

 in Australia was highly appreciated. You 

 cannot talk intelligently about wheat or 

 make recommendations unless you have 

 a system of names which is thoroughly 

 understood and applied to the same kind 

 of wheat all over the world. Before 

 leaving the United States I was called to 

 a conference with the Secretary for Agri- 

 culture at Washington on the subject of 

 the nomenclature of wheats I afterwards 

 received a letter stating that the United 

 States Department of Agriculture would 

 take up the question on a similar line to 

 that followed here." 



Progress in the Fruit industry of Queensiand. 



AMONGST the various States of the Com- 

 monwealth of Australia the first place 

 must be assigned to Queensland in the 

 application of the processes of fumigation 

 to the destruction of insect pests of fruit 

 trees and of other plants. Queensland 

 has not perhaps done so much in this 

 direction as Cape Colony, Imt has done 

 far more than any other Australian colony. 

 The work, indeed, has quite left the ex- 

 perimental stage, and for nearly two years 

 the Queensland Department of Agricul- 

 ture has had a complete cyaniding outfit 

 at vvork in the citrus orchards in various 

 parts of the colony, fully 20,000 trees 

 having been treated l)y the departmental 



and private outfits. In addition to the 

 fumigation of trees in the orchard many 

 thousands of nursery stock and thousands 

 of cans of fruit have been put through the 

 cyaniding chambers, besides which 

 several of the largest nurserymen cyanide 

 every plant before it leaves the nursery. 

 As to the efficacy of this mode of treat- 

 ment Mr. A. H. Benson, who has charge 

 of the operations, says that there can be 

 no question, and he speaks with a large 

 amount of practical experience. Having 

 tested mail}' kinds of sprays and spray- 

 pumps during the last 13 years, both in 

 California and various parts of Australia, 

 he has yet to find a remedy that is super- 



