THE AGRICULTURAL JOURNAL. 



415 



farmyard and green manures, to enrich it 

 in humus-forming compounds, and to 

 make it more porous, moisture retaining, 

 and easily permeable to surface roots. 



Locality and Exposure. 



Where fruit is grown for marketing 

 purposes it is imperative to choose a 

 locality having good railway or other 

 transport facilities for its produce ; and 

 as the best prices are realised when fruit 

 is sold directly by the grower to the con- 

 sumer, a plaoe near towns is much to be 

 pi-eferred. Extended planting in low- 

 lying humid valleys is unsatisfactory, 

 because fecundation of the blossoms is 

 retarded or prevented by the fogs and late 

 frosts to which such localities are 

 peculiarly subject. The exposure should 

 be arranged with a view to protecting the 



trees as much as possible from such winds 

 as usually prevail for any length of time 

 in the locality during spring and autumn. 

 While a southern or south-eastern ex- 

 posure ensures the best dessert fruits it 

 also encourages early vegetation, which is 

 ]iid))e to injury from late frost. Generally 

 speaking, high lands are most suitable for 

 fruit culture. The l)est slope is one 

 to vards any considerable body of water, 

 which will tend to prevent frost injury, 

 and, in default of water, a partially 

 northerly or westwardly exposure may 

 be selected with the object of retarding 

 the blossoming period until urgent danger 

 from spi'ing frosts is past. Where little 

 protection against prevailing winds can- 

 not be otherwise provided, one or two 

 rows of quickly-growing trees may be 

 planted as a wind-break. 



Cattle ot the Proclaimed Area. 



HOW TO RELEASE. 



IT is hereby notified, for general in- 

 formation, that, with a view to 

 release from the proclaimed infected area 

 north of the Tugela River of any cattle 

 which are believed to be free from lung- 

 sickness, the Government has decided to 

 establish depots within this area foi- 

 cattle which can be certified by a Stock 

 Inspector to have been properly inocu- 

 lated, and to have been free from the 

 disease for a period of two mouths or 

 more. 



Persons in possession of such cattle 

 who are desirous of obtaining their 

 release from the infected arei should 

 send in an application to the Principal 

 Veterinary Surgeon, accompanied by the 

 necessary certificate from a Stock In- 

 spector, for permission to remove their 

 cattle to one or other of the depots. 



It must be distinctly understood, how- 

 ever, that all cattle removed to these 

 depots will be required to remain therein 

 for at least six weeks, and tliat they will 

 not then be released unless the Principal 

 Veterinary Surgeon is in a position to 

 certify that there has been no disease 

 apparent during that period. Cattle 

 which have recovered from lungsickness 

 ("old lungers") will not be admitted 

 to a clean depot. 



Each depot will be in charge of a 

 Government Stock Inspector, whose in- 

 structions as regards the provision of 

 herds by owners and all other matters 

 will have to be obeyed. Owners must 

 provide at least two herd boys for each 

 troop of cattle and find accommodation 

 and food for same. 



In forwarding applications, with corti- 

 cate, for admission of cattle to a depot, 

 owners must state where cattle are pro- 

 posed to be brought to upon release 

 from the infected area, and also what is 

 proposed to be done with such cattle. 



C. BIRD, 

 Principal Under Secretary. 

 Colonial Secretary's Oflice, 

 Pietermaritzburg, 23rd August, 1901. 



The inoeuJation of cattle against pla.gue has 

 been attended with good results in the Soudan; 

 senmi was obtained from tlie Hygienic Insti- 

 tute at Constantinoijle and from the Cape, the 

 latter giving the best results. In view of the 

 suspicion with which Eastern races regard ino- 

 cuk^lion of any kind, it must be very satisfac- 

 tory to the officers in charge of these operations 

 to iind that "the natives tliemselves recognise 

 the efticacy of the serum treatment, inasmuch 

 as they bring their cattle in voluntarily, and 

 ■ask that they may be submitted to the treat- 

 ment."— "Live Stock Journal." 



