78 



, The following insects are also known to feed on the elm : 



Colcoptcra. — Galeruca calmariensis, Linn ; Chrysomela scalaris, Leconte ; Monocesta caryli, S&y ; Grap- 

 todera chalybea, 111 ; Cotalpa lanigera, Linn ; Magdalis armicollis. Say. 



Hyvicnoptcra. — Tremex columba, Linn ; Cimbex Americana, Leach. 



Hemiptera. — Colopha ulmicola, Fitch ; Eriosoma Rileyi, Thomas ; Schizoneura Americana, Riley ; 

 Callipterus ulmicola, Thomas. 



Lepidoptcra. — Papilio tumus, Linn ; Ceratomia quadricornis, Harris ; Hyphantria textor, Harris ; 

 Telea polyphemiis, Hubn ; Hyperchiria io, Fab ; Halisidota caryse, Harris ; Orgyia nova, Fitch ; Orgyia 

 leucostigma, Abb and Smith ; Datana ministra, Drury ; Tolype velleda, Stoll ; Edema albifrons. Walk ; 

 Clisiocampa Americana, Harris ; Clisiocampa sylvatica, Harris ; Apatela vinnula, Grote ; Apatela occi- 

 dentalis, Grote ; Apatela morula, Guen ; Apatela ulmi, Harris ; Paraphia unipunctaria, Haw ; Metanema 

 quercivorana, Guen ; Hibernia tiliaria, Harris ; Sicya mucularia, Guen ; Mrtrocampa perlaria, Guen ; 

 Eugonia subsignaria, Hubn ; Nephopteryx undulatella, Clem ; Nephopteryx ? ulmi-arrosorella, Clem ; 

 Bactra ? argutana, Clem : Lithocolletis argentinotella, Clem ; LithocoUetis ulmella, Clem ; Argyresthia 

 austerella, Zeller. 



Mr. A. F. Winn informs me that Pyrameis atalanta, Linn, feeds readily on 

 elm in confinement and that he has seen Grapta j-album ovipositing on it. 



THE ENTOMOLOGY OF SHAKESPEARE. 



BY THE REV. THOMAS W. FYLES, SOUTH QUEBEC. 



Some time ago, in a list of books upon Shakespeare and his works, I noticed 

 that there was one upon the Entomology of Shakespeare. The book was beyond 

 my reach. It occurred to me that it would be an interesting study to examine 

 for myself and find out what particulars the great moralist and prince of poets, 

 had gathered concerning insects from the folk-lore of his day and his own obser- 

 tion, and to what account in his plays he had turned the knowledge he had gained. 

 Accordingly, as leisure was afforded me, I read over the plays carefully and noted 

 down the allusions to insects that I discovered. I found that the plays contained 

 at least 168 references to insects, viz. : — ^To honey-bees, 18 ; humble-bees, 5 ; 

 wasps, 8 ; ants, 3 ; stinging-insect undesignated, 1 ; butterflies, 6 ; moths and their 

 larvse, 24 ; beetles and their larvse, 11 ; gnats, 10 ; fleas, 6 ; brize-flies, 2 ; bots, 1 ; 

 blow-flies, 1(> ; flies, 22; sheep-tick, 1; louse, 8; cricket, 4; locust, 1; grasshop- 

 per, 1 ; spiders, 17 ; scorpions, 3. Grouped according to orders these would give : 

 Hymenoptera, 35 ; Lepidoptera, 30 ; Diptera, 58 ; Coleoptera, 11 ; Hemiptera, 

 7 ; Orthoptera, 6 ; Arachnida, 20. The references which I discovered are thus 

 distributed : The highest numbers are in Troilus and Cressida, 11 notices refer- 

 ring to 9 species ; Romeo and Juliet, 11 notices referring to 8 species ; and 2nd Part 

 of K. Henry YI., 10 notices referring to 6 species. Midsummer Night's Dream,. 

 K. Henry Y., Cymbeline, and King Lear have 8 notices each ; 1st Part of K. 

 Henry lY. and Hamlet have 7 each ; The Tempest, 2nd Part of K. Henry lY.,. 

 Coriolanus, Antony and Cleopatra, Titus Andronicus and Othello have each 6 

 notices ; The Winter's Tale has 5 ; The Merchant of Yenice, Taming of the Shrew 

 3rd Part of K. Henry YI., and Pericles Prince of Tyre have 4 each ; The Two 

 Gentlemen of Yerona, Love's Labour's Lost, King John and 1st Part of K. Henry 

 YI. have 3 each ; Merry Wives of Windsor, Comedy of Errors, Macbeth, King 

 Richard II. and Julius Caesar have 2 each ; Measure for Measure, As you like it^ 

 All's well that ends well. King Richard III., King Henry YIII. and Timon of 

 Athens have each a solitary reference ; and in Much ado about nothing I could 

 find none. The number of species mentioned is over 30. We will take them 

 according to orders. 



