Aua. 5, 1886.] 



FOREST AND STREAM. 



29 



great, though we ]jave seen lousy dogs half flayed, alive and 

 suffering fi'oni severe eczema from their furious scratching; 

 often their presence is not even suspected. The diagnosis of 

 lousiness is easy, as the insects will be found on carefully 

 examining tlip coat. 



The treat nieut is simple, hut not so rapidly effective as 

 Tniglit be supposed; salts of mercury used m the form of a 

 wash or oiiitineut, have been much" recommended, as they 

 are highly poisonous, and many accidents have occurred 

 from tbeir us'e; we think tliem ijnt rarely indicated. Tinc- 

 ture of qufissin .sponged on the .sl<:in is a wholly safe and 

 efficjent remedy; it should he apiilied daily until all para- 

 sites are destroyed. Carbolic acid in the strength of one-half 

 ounce of the crystals to a pint of water is an elhcient but 

 poisonous wash; kerosene lightly brushed into the coat is a 

 sure I'emedy, but an unpU^asaut one and likely to irritate the 

 skin. Good "Persian inseot powder" well dusted into the 

 hair will drive out lice as well as fleas, and is one of the best 

 of all applications for vermin. The kennel mu.st always be 

 overhauled, the bedding burned, the walls and floor well 

 scrubbed with boiling carbolized water and well white- 

 washed when dry. Eczema and loss of coat mu.st be treated 

 on general principles, and attention to washing and groom- 

 ing is espeetally called for for some time after cure. Two 

 other species of lice are found on the dog, TJccmatopinm 

 '[filifcrus, being tolerably common; when present, the treat- 

 ment recommended for the lYicliodcctcs will dislodge them. 



Several species of gad fly act as canuie tormentors in tropi- 

 cal countries; in Africa the bite of the terrible tsetse (Q-los- 

 8ina uiorsUaiis) often proving fatal. As is avcU kmiwn to 

 esnaerienced sportsmen, niany species of "wood," "deer" and 

 "shore" flies torment the dog at certain seasons fdrnost to 

 piaduess. _ A good sponging with tjiuassia tincture ot- a dust- 

 ing with insect powder will often save a faithful friend much 

 misery in the field. 



The only parasites of the dog of clinical importance— so far 

 as known to iis— which have not now been mentioned arc the 

 fleas. There are two species which attack tlie dog, the Pulcx 

 cants and the Pulcx pcnclrans. The first is the comiuon 

 species and is found more or less on all d(;gs which are not 

 Kubjected to constant care and gTo<miing. But little descrip- 

 tion of this common vernain is ueeded; the body is compressedj 

 the antenna? are .short and made np of three joints, the tarsi 

 have five joints, and the posterior feet are saltatory, much 

 like those of the grasshopper. The female lays about a dozen 

 eggs, of a rounded shape and whitish color, from which hatch 

 thirteeu-jointed grubs, having the last two joints hooked. 

 The eggs of the ilea are .shaken from the dog's coat on tw 

 the ground or floor, and there the larva hatch out and live 

 among the dust and dirt, feeding — it is said by authorities — 

 on decayed vegetable matter. After liraig for an indefinite 

 time— according to temperature, etc.— in this condition, the 

 larva becomes an inactive pupa, from which at the end of 

 about twelve days emerges the perfect parasite, which soon 

 liops gaily away' to make a meal of the blood of some un- 

 h^py cauine. 



It lias been claimed that the flea is of hygienic importance 

 to its bearer, preventing laziness and keeping up, by enforc- 

 ing exercise, the muscular tone of the dog I As soon would 

 we believe, as a facetious Frenchman has observed, that 

 homeopathic bleedings, usin.g fleas instead of leeches, are of 

 therapeutic value. We think the dog flea an intolerable 

 nuisance, and spare no efforts to rid our own animals of the 

 pe.st. The treatment given in detail for lousiness applies 

 equally well to flea parasitism; the mo.st careful cleanliness, 

 regular washing, and the free use of insect pow^der and 

 ciuassia will keep the largest kennels wholly free from the 

 jumpers. Mange produced by scratching must be treated on 

 general principles. The most careful cleansing of kennels 

 IS a prime necessity. 



The sand flea, chigoe or jigger {Pulex pcnetirins) is very 

 common in the West Indies and tropical and semi-tropical 

 America, where it attacks u.ian as well as dogs and other 

 animals. The female only is truly parasitic, it attacks the 

 feet especially, penetrating the skin between the toes. After 

 entering the skin the body of tiie nara.site .grows very rapidly, 

 and becomes filled wdth egg.s — this swelling cau.ses active 

 inflammation, followed by abscesses and the fonnation of an 

 open running sore. The treatment for this parasitic disease 

 consists in opening the sack and applying carbolized oil, 

 which kills the parasite and larva and promotes the healing 

 of the sore. The latter must be ke kept perfectly clean, and 

 several applications of the oil may be required. 



Of the plant parasites of the dog, as the fungi which pro- 

 duce the diseases known as fixviis and tine<x, and the im- 

 mense group of lacteria, which are the cause or carriers of 

 go many specific general diseases— probably distemper 

 among the number— we will not at present speak. We 

 may take up their consideration in some future paper. 



No effort has been made in these papers to write a com- 

 plete monograph of all the animal parasites which attack 

 the canine race. All important species knoMoi to patholo- 

 gists have, however, been mentioned, and those of clinical 

 interest fully described. As has been already suggested, 

 fuller observations on almost every species of parasite are 

 needed, and we would urge all interested in canine diseases 

 to look for parasites at every opportunity and to preserve 

 and report their "finds." 



It will give me pleasure to identify any specimens or give 

 any information in my power in I'egard to parasitism. And 

 I shall be always very glad to receive any specimens or notes 

 through FOKEST asd Stream. 



If I have written what will cure the suffering of one of 

 the noble brutes we— it may be unjustly— call lower animals, 

 I am content. Far too little attention is given to the suf- 

 ferings of all domestic animals from disease, and many a 

 flue brute is left to suffer and die from ignorance and inat- 

 tention. 



"But the poor dog, in life the firmest friend, 

 Tlie first to welcome, foremost to defend; 

 Wliose honest heart is still Ixis master's own. 

 Who labors, tigtits, lives, breathes for him alone, 

 Unhonored falls, unnoticed aU his worth," R. W. S. 

 Philadelphia , Pa. 



THE ST. LOUIS PRIZES.— There is some trouble about 



fiying^ off the prize winners of the late St. Louis dog show, 

 he cash in hand of the affair was lodged in the Provident 

 Savings Bank, the smash-up of which is partly responsible for 

 the fact winners are not paid oft', but there is something 

 worse at the back of the abrupt departure of Cashier Thom- 

 son. Before the show was advertised to the doggy men's 

 world, a guarantee fund was raised — on paper. Some of the 



fentleman who pledged themselves to see the affair through 

 eing simply sportsmen, who Avere willing to asskst anjdihing 

 connected -with dog, and others being directly interested in 

 the dog business, and therefore eager to promote a bench show- 

 in the city. The expenses and cost of prizes amounted to 

 something like $.500 more than the receipts, and it has been 

 found that a num ber of the guarantors are very backward in 

 coming forward to shoulder their obligations. The prize 

 winners at a distance have so far accepted the situation very 

 quietly, but unless they pay pretty soon, St. Louis will have 

 a very poor uame abroad as a dog shoAviner center, and 

 measures will therefore .shortly be taken to collect the 

 guarantee fund unless its subscribers come to the front, ac- 

 cept the situation, and allow the managers to put themselves 

 clear with owmers all over the Union.— St. Louis Rep iilMca n. 



THE EASTERN FIELD TRIALS JUDC4EB.-Messrs. J. 

 W. Orth, of Pittsburgh, Pa.;D. C. Bergundthal, of Indian- 

 apolis, Ind., and Elliot Smith, of New York, have been in- 

 vited to act a.s judges at the Eastern Field Trials, to be held 

 at High Point, N. C, next November. AW of the gentlemen 

 have accepted and they will, doubtless be formally ap- 

 pointed at the next meeting of the Board of Governors. 



THE CLUMBER SPANIEL. 



THE Clumber spaniel is, unfortunateljr, but little known 

 in America, a brief sketch of thia most interesting 

 breed of dog may, therefore, be acceptacle. 



The Cliindjer said to he the oldest known, breed of dog, 

 genus spaniel. Ednnind do Langeley, in the "Maister of 

 Game," published in the fourteerdh century, speaks of the 

 b&st spaniel for hawking as being in color ' wbite and 

 taurie," and not too "jougle," that is, rough or ]\a,iry, .and 

 that Ills tail should be "rough." It won Id, therefore, seem 

 probalile that the ancient "spaynel" of Edmund de Lang- 

 ley should be identical with the patrician Clundier of the 

 Ijresent day. 



The common supposition is that the breed originated at 

 the Duke of Newca.stle's seat in Nottinghamshire, Clumber 

 House; but this is erroneous. They were imported many 

 years ago l)y a former Duke, who obtained from the kennels 

 of a Due de'Nouaillcs in France, and In-ought them to Clum- 

 l)cr, where the breed has lieen treasured for manyyears. 

 Their najue, however, is undoubtedly taken from the Duke's 

 estate of Clumber. 



Only within the last decade o»' two has it been possible to 

 obtain a Clumber spaniel, as the dukes jealously guarded 

 their strain: but latterly they li/rve Ijecomc more couimon, 

 and teams of clumliers are much used In covert shooting in 

 Engband. A good Clujulier is now easily, or comparatively 

 easily obtained; but a well broken or even untrained dog 

 still fetclies a large jirice. 



Of their g7-eat worth in shooting too much cannot be said 

 in praise. They are worked in couples or teams of three or 

 more. One Clumlier, however, is by no means to be despised, 

 and for the sportsman who can keep but one dog, a. Olutid.ier 

 is a niost useful adjunct to a day's sport. They are natvu'al 

 retrievers and readily take to the water, making excellent 

 duck dogs. Their light eolor, to be sui-e, is an objection, as 

 it readily reveals their presence to the sharp-eyed duck' but, 

 taking into consideration tiicir innumerable good qualities, 

 the balance will be found .so greatly in their favor that this 

 objection will lie almost forgotten. 



For partridge, eoek and snipe, these dogs are perfection, as 

 they work very clo.se, ranging not more than twenty yards 

 from the gun. ,uiil wm-ldng tlieir .ground most thoroughly, 

 never missiTi; Their nose is far superior to" any 



other breed i-: i mdis second only to the pointer or 

 setter. As is \veli t rujwui they are perfectly mute, and even 

 on the hottest scent give not a wMmper. A thoroughbred 



JOHN^TT A^iD DEAKE. 

 Clumber spaniels (by Ben and out of Joan) owned by Messre. F. H. F. Mercer 

 and W. B. A. Hills, Ottawa, Canada. 



Clumber .spaniel is rarely found to give tongue. Their 

 silence enables them to work up so close to a .bird that they 

 can almost clutch it, and frequently they surprise their 

 master by bringing in a bird wMch he never shot at. 



From long inbreeding at Clumber these dogs became con- 

 stitutionally delicate. When young they "are peculiarly 

 susceptible to the ills of puppyhood. Distemper and jaundice 

 commit sad ravages among them, carrying ofl' whole litters 

 at a time, but when once a Clumber has come to maturity 

 he is a healthy dog for life and lives to a good old age, every 

 year adding to his worth, and when other dogs are becoming 

 lazy and used up a Clumber is in the height of his usefulness. 

 Their beauty is also very great. "Idstone," that great 

 authority on the dog, speaks of the Clumber as "decidedly 

 the handsomest dog bred for the .sportsman." 



The points of the Clumber spaniel are as fallows: 



The head should be large andmassiveiu all its dimensions, 

 flat at the top, with a furrow running from between the eyes 

 up the center. There should be a large occipital protuher- 

 ance. The nose should be very long, broad and deep, the 

 nostrils large, open and flesh, sometimes cherry colored. 

 The eye is large and soft and very deep set. It is generally 

 hazel colored, The ears are long and large at the top, not 

 to be shaped like the Sussex, hut "vine-shaped," to tinote 

 "Stonehenge." The hair on the ear should be .short and 

 smooth, without the slightest approach to wave or curl and 

 not feathered below the leather. 



The neck should be very long and powerful, but free from 

 all dewlap with a large "ruff" of hair. 



The body .should be very long and low and well ribbed up. 



The shoulders should be very powerful to enable this dog 

 to stand his work. This is of great importance. 



The forelegs should be very straiglit and very heavy in 

 bone. They .should be heavily feathered. The feet should 

 be large^ compact and plentifully covered with hair. 



The bind legs should also be powerful and heavily feath- 

 ered to the hocks, but not below. There should be thick hair 

 on the back of the leg, just above the foot, to protect the 

 leg. The hindfeet should, as the forefeet, be large and com- 

 pact. 



The back and loin should be very powerfail, The back long 

 and free from di-oop, and the loin from arch. 



The chest should be very deep and broad, and covered with 

 shaggy hair. 



The .stem should Ijeset oil Ipw aftd earned well down. It 

 is always cut. 



The color, lemon and white or orange and white, the white 

 of course predominating. The less markings there are on 



the body, the better. The nose and legs should be well 



freckled. The markings .should come over the eyes and ears, 

 hot 1 1 si d e,x as I n iicl i a 1 i Ice as possible. Any marking but this 

 is unde.su'able. 



The coat should be soft, silky and perfectly free from curl, 

 a very .slight wave is permissilde. It should not be long, but 

 very dense. The feather should be long and thick. 



The general appearance of a Clumber spaniel is of a long, 

 heary-iookiug dog, of a very solemn, thon.ghtful expression, 

 betokening great intelli.gence, He should be very long and 

 low on the leg. 



The \veight of dogs av(^ra,ges between 55 and 651b8., butthe 

 bitches run much lower, frequently SOlbs. less than the dogs. 



Clitmber, 



DOGS OF THE OCCIDENT. 



EclUor Forest and Stream: 

 In your journal of June 10 appears a letter from SanT'ran^ 



Cisco, signed "Vox Populi," in which he is inclined to take 

 Col. Stuart Taylor to task because, in the interest of tiaith 

 and the improvement of the various Ijreeds of dogs in San 

 Francisco, he saw fit to say in his letter, published May 13, 

 that so far as he knew, "t)icre was not here one ma.stHf, St. 

 Bernard, Newfoundland, deerhonnd, field spaniel, bulldog, 

 bull-terrier (except his Kittie), which conld, under a good 

 and c(3nseientious judge, win even he. in an established and 

 reputable Ea.stern bench .show." 



I regret your correspondent did not sign his name to his 

 letter, as we could tlien judge of his capacity to estimate 

 what Col. Taylor considers a No. 1 specimen of any of these 

 classes, 



I inclose my name with this, and am willing to enter into 

 a discussion with "Vox Populi" over my own signature if 

 he will reveal his identity, and discuss with him this inter- 

 esting question, and endeavor to prove Col. Taylor is right. 

 Instead of finding fault with thi.s gentleman because he has 

 ha.d the courage to tell us facts, and because he is trying to 

 stimulate pecjple who care for dogs to purchase the best and 

 not to be satislie<i with inferior specimens, I think every 

 m.an who loves the canine race should thank him for invit- 

 ing attention to the defects of our dogs and for his intelli- 

 gent counsel. 



Col. Taylor knows what he is talking of, and his judgment 

 about the matters he has addressed you upon is respected by 

 all in San Francisco who know him, and his enthusiasm 

 upon a .subject which for many years he has made a .study 

 and which he so well comprehends, I concur with svery 

 word he has written you. As he says, "there are some fair 

 setters and some good greyhounds and a few noticeable 

 pointers here." But the non-sporting classes are inferior as 

 a rule. By this, I mean they do not come up to the modem 

 bench show standards. 



Dogs are spoken of as belonging to such and such breeds, 

 which are crossed with other breeds, and consequently are 

 mongrels. 



So con-vinced am I that there is no purely bred, superior 

 mastiff, or St. Bernard, or Newfoundland, or Scotch deer- 

 hound, or bulldog, or Yorkshire terrier, or bull-terrier (ex- 

 cept Col. Taylor's Kittie) owned at this date in San Fran- 

 cisco, which will elicit encomiums from such a judge as Mr. 

 Mason, or take even a second prize at the Westminster Ken- 

 nel Club exhibitions, or at any Eastei'u show in good com- 

 pany, that I am prepared to give a long figure for the pro- 

 duction of such an animal. If Mr. Ma.soii comes out here 

 this can lie put to a test and T will be a ready purchaser, as I 

 am looking for lirst-class .specimens of three of these breeds. 

 1 will even include fox-tei'riers in my remarks, for although 

 several are owned here not one is a superior specimen. Your 

 coiTespondent seems not to judge dogs by their appearance, 

 their bench show qualities, their form, their points and style. 

 He appears to judge solely by pedigree. 



Thi.s is a farcical way to judge and very fallible. Give me 

 the requisite compliance with the adopted .standards, the 

 requisite form and carriage— and pedigree is all very good 

 afterward. 



"Vox Populi" calls attention to Mr. Heart's Irish setter 

 bitch Kate II. and to Mr. Truman's setters and gives the pedi- 

 gree of each. All very good in its way is his letter in these re- 

 speets. Not desiring to hurt Mr, Hearst's or Mr. Truman's 

 feelings or disparage their dogs, 1 must frankly say that, 

 having seen all of these, I courteously advance the opinion 

 that not one of them would take a third prize in really good 

 company. These setters may be well trained^ they may have 

 long pedigrees, they may possess wonderful intelligence and 

 yet they lack many necessary points requisite in the modern 

 Irish setter and are woefully lacking in form and style. 

 Some of them would never even attract a second glance from 

 the eyes of a competent Eastern judge. As for Mr. Keading'a 

 (not "Keating") Irish setter, sired oy Col. Gate's Pat, he is 

 not the proper type by any means; is quite as defective as 

 most of the others referred to, and no one knows this better 

 than Mr. Keading, who has acknowdedged it in a conver.sa- 

 tion with a prominent lover of the dog here. 



Col. Taylor has informed me that he will be most happy 

 to enter into a discussion through your columns with "Vox 

 Populi," provided that writer will .•dgn his own name to his 

 letterSj^in regard to the bench show merits of the dogs re- 

 ferred to and in regard to the true type of not only Ix-ish set- 

 ters, but non-sporting dogs generally. 



Good judges of tlie dog know very well that there are often 

 found in litters from superior animals very poor specimens 

 of the required type. So it may be with us in San Irancisco. 

 I do not refer to the whole State, for I know not what dogs 

 may be owned in other counties. Dogs sometimes fail to 

 take after their pas and mas just as children do. Father 

 and mother may be physically and mentally perfect and 

 bright in brain. Their offspring may be villainously ugly 

 and mentally stupid. We see it daily. So vidth dogs. Poor 

 puppies come from long-pedigreed sires whi-ch have won 

 many prizes in many bench shows. "Vox Populi" must bear 

 all this in remembrance when he attempts to judge dogs by- 

 pedigrees. My sole desire, Mr. Editor, as I am sure is Col. 

 Taylor's, is to see a great improvement made in San Fran- 

 cisco's breed of dogs of all classes. 



If we, away out here On the Western shore, are so swollrai 

 with admiration for ourselves and say, as I have heard many 

 good fellows say with more love of locality and pride of birth 

 than genuine knowledge of dogs l^fov they have not been East 

 in long years to see the vast improvement in the several 

 breed^, "Oh, yve have got better dogs here than you can find 

 in London or New York; let them bring along their bench- 

 show winners, we'll beat them all to pieces." etc., etc. — if we 

 are so lost to all ideas of progress as to be tnus prejudiced, if 

 we are so narrow-minded as to see only good in our neighbors 

 and none in the outside world,f and tickle th&m because they 

 will tickle us, why don't let us invite any Eastern judge of 

 good repute to come among us and show us our defects, but 

 let us have standards of our owm, old-fashioned judges, and 

 stand stock still and look wise. 



Prejudice is the reason of fools, and I for one, as a man 

 foad of good and grand types of men and women, and horses 

 and dogs, mu.st say with all due courtesy and re.spect that I 

 fear, in his present criticisms of one who has done much to 

 show our people here the real value of first-class specimens 

 of the canine race, Mr. "Vox Populi" cannot prove in tihis 

 instancelhe is "Vox^Del." 



Let Mr. Mason come out here and bring his pointer Baau-? 

 fort and Revel III. or Jilt, not Seph G., as she never should 

 have received first prize, I am told in a letter, being very 

 faulty. Let him borrow the Irish setters Elcho, Jr. and 

 Chief for the occasion; let him persuade the owner of Mer- 

 chant Prince and Duke of Leeds, St. Bci-nards; and Bruno 

 and Major, Newfoundlands; and Nevison (faulty as he is in 

 head) and Ilford Caution and Lady Gladys, mastift'.s; and 



